Iron content during lime‐induced chlorosis with two citrus rootstocks

RELATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SOMEPRUNUSROOTSTOCKS IN HYDROPONICS TO IRON DEFICIENCY

“…The main effect of Fe deprivation from the growth medium (−Fe plants) was the significantly lower leaf N and Fe but also the significantly higher P, K, Ca, Mg and Zn whereas the main effect of high bicarbonate (+HCO 3 plants) was the significantly lower leaf N, P, Fe and Zn and the significantly higher K, Ca, Mg; decreased leaf N, P, Fe concentrations in plants grown with bicarbonate were also observed by Fernandez-Lopez et al (1993), Shi et al (1993a), Bertoni et al (1992) whereas decreased Zn has been only referred to in rice by Forno et al (1975) and Yang et al (1994). Although −Fe or +HCO 3 plants exhibited similar chlorotic symptoms of quite the same intensity, the presence of bicarbonate in the growth medium affected the inorganic composition of the plants differently than the lack of Fe (Hamze and Nimah, 1982;Fernandez-Lopez et al, 1993;Shi et al, 1993a;Cinelli et al, 2003). The fact that leaf N concentration of rootstocks grown without Fe was lower than that of rootstocks with Fe could be ascribed to the decreased activity of nitrate reductase because of the lack of Fe (Wilkinson, 1994, Smolders et al, 1997; in the case of rootstocks grown with bicarbonate the lower leaf N concentration may also be linked to reduced nitrate uptake because of high bicarbonate in the nutrient solution (Bertoni et al, 1992).…”

Diagnosis and Remediation of Nutrient Constraints in Citrus

“…Later studies revealed that under certain conditions, sour orange was still prone to chlorosis (Wallihan and Garber 1968;Levy 1984) with 'Washington Navel' orange as the scion (Levy and Mendel 1982). Hamze and Nimah (1982) observed symptoms of lime-induced chlorosis on sour orange rootstock on a soil containing 88% CaCO 3 . Similar chlorosis symptoms appeared on trifoliate orange on soils at 88% or 30% CaCO 3 at different soil moisture regimes.…”

Lime-Induced Iron Chlorosis in Fruit Trees

“…Leaf analysis integrates all the factors that might influence nutrient availability in the soil and plant uptake, and pinpoints the nutritional balance of the plant at the time of sampling. However, the use of leaf analysis presents limitations when applied to lime-induced chlorosis, since in many field-grown plants there is no correlation between leaf iron concentration and the degree of chlorosis expressed as chlorophyll content (Abadía, 1992;Hamzé and Nimah, 1982;Mengel et al, 1994;Pestana et al, 2001b). Moreover, iron concentration in chlorotic leaves, expressed on a dry weight basis, is frequently even greater than in green leaves (Abadía, 1992;Aktas and Van Egmond, 1979;Bavaresco et al, 1993a;Bavaresco et al, 1999;Deckock et al, 1979;Fernandez-Lopez et al, 1993;Mengel, 1995;Morales et al, 1998c;Rashid et al, 1990;Terry and Low, 1982).…”