Iron Deficiency Lipemia in the Rat and Chick

Amine, Ezzat K.; Hegsted, D. M.

doi:10.1093/jn/101.11.1575

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Also, iron-deficiency anemia provoked by high-fat and high-copper diets, with hemoglobin concentrations about 85 g/L, has been shown to depress enzymes involved in lipogenesis (24). However, it is difficult to compare the quality and extent of changes in lipid metabolism found in the present iron-deficiency study with those from other experiments because the changeability of lipid parameters also depends on the age, sex, and strain of the rats and the composition of the diets used in the experiment (1,2,25). Our results show hypertriglyceridemia in rats receiving the lowest level of dietary iron.…”

Section: Table 4 Concentrations Of Lipids (Mmol/l) In Serum and Lipopmentioning

confidence: 51%

Different degrees of moderate iron deficiency modulate lipid metabolism of rats

Stangl

Kirchgeßner

1998

Lipids

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Severe iron deficiency affects lipid metabolism. To investigate whether moderate iron depletion also alters lipid variables-including lipid levels in serum and liver, hepatic lipogenesis, and fatty acid composition indicative of an impaired desaturation-we carried out experiments with rats fed 9, 13, and 18 mg iron/kg diet over a total of 5 wk. The study also included three pair-fed control groups and an ad libitum control group, fed with 50 mg iron/kg diet. The iron-depleted rats were classified as iron-deficient on the basis of reduced serum iron, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit. All moderately iron-deficient rats had significantly lower cholesterol concentrations in liver and serum lipoproteins than their pair-fed controls. Rats with the lowest dietary iron supply had higher concentrations of hepatic phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lower activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme and fatty acid synthase, and higher triacylglycerol concentrations in serum lipoproteins than the corresponding pair-fed control rats. Moderate iron deficiency also depressed the serum phospholipid level. Moreover, several consistent significant differences in fatty acid composition of hepatic PC and PE occurred within moderate iron deficiency, which indicate impaired desaturation by delta-9 and delta-6 desaturases of saturated and essential fatty acids. We conclude that lipid variables, including cholesterol in liver and serum lipoproteins as well as fatty acid desaturation, reflect the gradations of iron status best and can be used as an indicator of the degree of moderate iron deficiency.

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Section: Table 4 Concentrations Of Lipids (Mmol/l) In Serum and Lipopmentioning

confidence: 51%

Different degrees of moderate iron deficiency modulate lipid metabolism of rats

Stangl

Kirchgeßner

1998

Lipids

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“…An increase of these enzymes may be indicative of cell damage, especially liver parenchymal cells. Degeneration of parenchymal liver cells along with ultrastructural abnormalities including enlarged, rounded, and electron-lucent mitochrondria in the hepatocyte has been formerly reported in iron-deficient rats (2,7,8). The present data therefore give no rise to the suspicion that there was a close relationship among mitochondrial respiratory function and hepatic cell damage, and this is in agreement with the results of Dallman and Goodman (8) showing that no close relationship among mitochondrial respiratory function, changes in mitochondrial morphology, and a decreased cytochrome content is apparent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Iron, copper and zinc concentrations in serum, liver, femur, and skeletal muscle of iron-deficient rats and their pair-fed controls1,2 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different degrees of moderate iron deficiency on the activities of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, and the cytochrome oxidase, and the iron, copper, and zinc concentration in rat tissues (Einfluß moderater Eisenmangelsituationen auf die Aktivitäten der Citratzyklusenzyme und der Cytochrom-Oxidase sowie die Eisen-, Kupfer- und Zinkgehalte in Rattengeweben)

Stangl

Kirchgeßner

1998

Zeitschrift f�r Ern�hrungswissenschaft

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Severe iron deficiency results in complex systemic disorders e.g., including metabolism of energy and minerals. To investigate whether also moderate iron depletion may alter the activities of citric cycle enzymes and the cytochrome oxidase, the trace element status, and serum enzymes indicative of cell damage, this experiment was carried out with rats supplied with sub-optimal iron (9, 13 and 18 mg iron per kg diet) over a total of 5 weeks. The study included 3 pair-fed groups and an ad libitum group, fed with 50 mg iron/kg diet. All iron-restricted rats were classified as iron-deficient on the basis of reduced iron concentrations in body and iron-depending blood parameters. Body weight gain and catalase activity in kidney were lowered in rats receiving the lowest dietary iron level, exclusively. Rats fed 9 and 13 mg iron per kg diet had nearly 6- and 3-fold, respectively higher platelet counts in blood than their corresponding pair-fed controls. The activities of transaminases ASAT and ALAT, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase in serum which are indicative of cell damage were also markedly influenced by moderate dietary iron restriction, in which the enzyme levels in serum increased with intensifying iron depletion. Although, moderate iron restriction to young male rats was associated with marked alterations in iron status and serum enzymes, the activities of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes including malic dehydrogenase, fumarase, and isocitric dehydrogenase as well as cytochrome oxidase in liver remained largely unaffected. Only hepatic aconitase showed a somewhat reduction with iron depletion. Moreover, iron restriction was also accompanied with an accumulation of copper in liver which was significant for rats fed 9 and 13 mg iron per kg diet, whereas zinc status remained completely unaffected by moderate iron deficiency. It can be concluded, that a short-term moderate iron deficiency with ranging hemoglobin concentrations from 66 and 121 g/L, was accompanied with altered platelet counts, serum enzyme activities indicative of cell damage, and hepatic copper concentrations, but the activities of the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes and cytochrome oxidase in liver remained largely unaffected.

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“…Effects of anemia on lipid levels in blood have been studied both in human (1)(2)(3)(4) and in animal (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The lipemia in iron-deficient and anemic animals is associated with elevated triglyceride levels while cholesterol levels may (9) or may not (7,11) be elevated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lipemia in iron-deficient and anemic animals is associated with elevated triglyceride levels while cholesterol levels may (9) or may not (7,11) be elevated. Lipemia is also found in response to acute hemorrhage in animals (10,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum lipid levels in iron deficiency anemia and effects of various treatments.

Ohira

Edgerton

Gardner

et al. 1980

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryEffects of anemia on serum total cholesterol and tri glyceride levels were studied in Sri Lanka. In subjects with hemoglobin (Hb) levels of less than 9.0g/100ml, there was a significant relationship between Hb and cholesterol levels (r=0.53). This relationship was not seen in subjects with Hb levels equal to, or greater than, 9.0g/100ml. Triglyceride levels were independent of Hb levels. Total cholesterol levels were elevated following an increase in Hb levels by transfusion and iron treatment. It was suggested that the concentration of red blood cells may affect cholesterol synthesis or mobilization from tissue to plasma.

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Iron Deficiency Lipemia in the Rat and Chick

Cited by 43 publications

References 21 publications

Different degrees of moderate iron deficiency modulate lipid metabolism of rats

Different degrees of moderate iron deficiency modulate lipid metabolism of rats

Serum lipid levels in iron deficiency anemia and effects of various treatments.

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