Iron Homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis Requires Siderophore Production and Biofilm Formation

Rizzi, Adrien; Roy, Suzanne; Bellenger, Jean‐Philippe; Beauregard, Pascale B.

doi:10.1128/aem.02439-18

Cited by 67 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…At low iron levels pulcherriminic acid diffuses beyond the expanding biofilm leading edge, chelating Fe 3+ and self-restricting expansion of the biomass. These findings are consistent with data linking B. subtilis biofilm formation to iron availability (37,38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Pulcherrimin formation controls growth arrest of theBacillus subtilisbiofilm

Arnaouteli

Matoz-Fernandez

Porter

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Significance:Understanding the processes that underpin the mechanism of biofilm formation, dispersal, and inhibition are critical to allow exploitation and to understand how microbes thrive in the environment. Here, we reveal that the formation of an extracellular iron chelate restricts the expansion of a biofilm. The countering benefit to self-restriction of growth is protection of an environmental niche. These findings highlight the complex options and outcomes that bacteria need to balance in order to modulate their local environment to maximise colonisation, and therefore survival.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Pulcherrimin formation controls growth arrest of theBacillus subtilisbiofilm

Arnaouteli

Matoz-Fernandez

Porter

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Based on the importance of the iron-related proteins on antibiotic resistance, these OMPs may not be involved in the intrinsic resistance but the evolution of antibiotic resistance like the iron regulator Fur (Mehi et al, 2014). Moreover, iron homeostasis was also reported to be involved in bacterial biofilm formation, which may affect the antibiotics susceptibility as well (Rizzi et al, 2019). An interesting and puzzling question is why only ΔAHA_0461 and ΔAHA_3963 out of the five currently tested iron-related OMPs show reduction in biofilm formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of antibiotic resistance and phenotypes in 29 outer‐membrane protein mutant strains in Aeromonas hydrophila

Wang

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Although many typical outer‐membrane proteins (OMPs) have been well characterized, the biological functions of many OMPs remain largely elusive. In this study, we successfully constructed 29 OMP knockout strains in the pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila, which account for about 50% of all predicted OMPs in this bacterial species. We then further validated the antibiotics' susceptibility characteristics against 20 antimicrobial reagents in these mutants considering several phenotypes. Our results showed that a total of 22 OMP mutants affected the susceptibility to at least one antibiotic. The deletion of some OMPs, such as ΔlamB and ΔbamA, revealed very important roles in the resistance to certain antibiotics. However, not a single OMP mutant presented a constant behaviour to all of the tested antibiotics, suggesting the existence of a complex intercellular regulation mechanism and a protein–protein interaction network underlying the OMP homeostasis in the presence of antibiotics. Meanwhile, some OMP mutants also affected biofilm formation, ECPase and haemolytic activity, and carbon resources utilization. This report demonstrates the biological functions of OMPs on a large scale and most of results have not been reported in A. hydrophila.

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“…Bacillaene, a broad 53 spectrum antibiotic, is synthesized by proteins encoded in 80 kB pksA-S cluster [7]. The 54ppsA-E encodes for the peptide synthetase responsible for the synthesis of plipastatin 55 (fengycin family), a strong antifungal molecule [5,8], while the siderophore bacillibactin is 56 synthesized by the product of the dhbA-F operon [9]. Finally, SrfAA-AD produces versatile 57 molecules from the surfactin family [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactin production is not essential for pellicle and root-associated biofilm development ofBacillus subtilis

Thérien

Kiesewalter

Auria

et al. 2019

Preprint

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20Secondary metabolites have an important impact on the biocontrol potential of soil-21 derived microbes. In addition, various microbe-produced chemicals have been 22 suggested to impact the development and phenotypic differentiation of bacteria, 23including biofilms. The non-ribosomal synthesized lipopeptide of Bacillus subtilis, 24 surfactin, has been described to impact the plant promoting capacity of the bacterium. 25Here, we investigated the impact of surfactin production on biofilm formation of B. 26 subtilis using the laboratory model systems; pellicle formation at the air-medium 27 interface and architecturally complex colony development, in addition to plant root-28 associated biofilms. We found that the production of surfactin by B. subtilis is not 29 essential for pellicle biofilm formation neither in the well-studied strain, NCIB 3610, nor 30 in the newly isolated environmental strains, but lack of surfactin reduces colony 31 expansion. Further, plant root colonization was comparable both in the presence or 32 absence of surfactin synthesis. Our results suggest that surfactin-related biocontrol and 33 plant promotion in B. subtilis strains are independent of biofilm formation. 34 35 Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, biofilm, surfactin, plant root colonization, pellicle 36 39 Several species from the "Bacillus subtilis complex" are well-characterized plant growth-40 promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), providing various beneficial activities for plants and 41 inhibiting fungal and bacterial pathogens [1]. Many strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus 42 amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus velezensis are currently used in organic and traditional 43 agriculture to prevent infection and/or increase yields of various crops [2-4]. These 44 species are of particular interest because they can form stress-resistant endospores, a 45 cell-type ideal for product formulation. Most PGPR Bacillus spp. also produce a wide 46 range of bioactive molecules, such as lipopeptides, which directly influences plant growth 47 and defence [5]. 48 49 Many of these molecules are synthesized by multienzyme-complexes called non-50 ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) [6]. B. subtilis NCIB3610 possesses 3 NRPS 51 clusters and one NRPS/polyketide synthetase (PKS) cluster, which is few compared to 52 the bioactive molecule synthesis capacity of B. velezensis strains [1]. Bacillaene, a broad 53 spectrum antibiotic, is synthesized by proteins encoded in 80 kB pksA-S cluster [7]. The 54ppsA-E encodes for the peptide synthetase responsible for the synthesis of plipastatin 55 (fengycin family), a strong antifungal molecule [5,8], while the siderophore bacillibactin is 56 synthesized by the product of the dhbA-F operon [9]. Finally, SrfAA-AD produces versatile 57 molecules from the surfactin family [10]. 58 59Surfactin molecules are composed of a heptapeptide, i.e. two acidic and five nonpolar 60 amino acids, interlinked with a β-hydroxy fatty acid, and condensed in a cyclic lactone 61 right structure [10,11]. The amino acid sequence, the length, and the ...

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Iron Homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis Requires Siderophore Production and Biofilm Formation

Cited by 67 publications

References 35 publications

Pulcherrimin formation controls growth arrest of theBacillus subtilisbiofilm

Pulcherrimin formation controls growth arrest of theBacillus subtilisbiofilm

The characteristics of antibiotic resistance and phenotypes in 29 outer‐membrane protein mutant strains in Aeromonas hydrophila

Surfactin production is not essential for pellicle and root-associated biofilm development ofBacillus subtilis

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