Iron isotope analysis of red and black pigments on pottery in Nasca, Peru

Eerkens, Jelmer W.; Barfod, Gry H.; Vaughn, Kevin J.; Williams, Patrick Ryan; Lesher, Charles E.

doi:10.1007/s12520-013-0151-6

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…; Eerkens et al . , ; Petersen [1970]). Indeed, in the Cerro el Plomo capacocha (central Chile), the face of the boy was painted with a thin layer of red paint and thick yellowish oblique lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Andes, iron oxides (specially hematite, α-Fe 2 O 3 ) were probably the raw materials that were mostly used as red colours. Hematite, which is commonly found in geological deposits, provides strong hues, has tinting strength and good opacity and, furthermore, can be easily ground and finely pulverized (Berthelot 1986;Orefici and Drusini 2003;Vaughn et al 2005Vaughn et al , 2007Vaughn et al , 2013Brooks et al 2008;Eerkens et al 2009Eerkens et al , 2014Petersen 2010Petersen [1970). Indeed, in the Cerro el Plomo capacocha (central Chile), the face of the boy was painted with a thin layer of red paint and thick yellowish oblique lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxic Pigment in aCapacochaBurial: Instrumental Identification of Cinnabar in Inca Human Remains from Iquique, Chile

et al. 2018

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We report on the analysis of a red pigment found in a lavish Inca burial from Cerro Esmeralda, Chile, associated with the human sacrifice of two young girls. The outcome shows that the red pigment is mainly cinnabar, with 95% of HgS content. Cinnabar is rarely found in the archaeological record of Chile. Thus, we propose that our results are another line of evidence supporting Iquique's Cerro Esmeralda inhumation as a unique Inca ritual. It was a special lower‐elevation capacocha burial, most probably undertaken to politically and symbolically incorporate the coastal people into the Tawantinsuyo Empire.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Pigment in aCapacochaBurial: Instrumental Identification of Cinnabar in Inca Human Remains from Iquique, Chile

et al. 2018

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“…Dichas actividades rituales, en adición a la producción de cerámica, estuvieron entre los probables contribuyentes a la tremenda demanda de materias primas, entre ellas la hematita. Finalmente, Eerkens ha demostrado que la cerámica del período Nasca Temprano incorporó la hematita en la elaboración de ciertos colores, notablemente el rojo y negro (Gorman et al 2013;Vaughn et al 2013a;Eerkens et al 2014).…”

Section: La Obtención Y Usos De La Hematita En Nascaunclassified

Extracción de pigmentos y modos de producción ritual en la cultura Nasca: implicaciones para la secuencia ocupacional de mina Primavera

Gijseghem

Vaughn

Whalen

et al. 2019

BOLARQ

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Presentamos resultados de investigaciones realizadas en un sitio minero del área Nasca. En particular, en el sitio de Mina Primavera, valle de Ingenio, una fuente de hematita (óxido de hierro) cuya explotación se remonta a los primeros siglos del primer milenio d.C., hemos encontrado en contexto estratigráfico testigos de las primeras épocas de extracción, correspondientes a material cerámico conocido como Nasca 1, o Nasca Inicial. Estos descubrimientos ponen de relieve las innovaciones técnicas asociadas con el desarrollo de pintura precocción como vehículo para la iconografía, y un nuevo culto que se estaba elaborando en Cahuachi. Además, reconocemos que existía una variedad de otros usos de las hematita en Nasca Temprano, incluyendo su empleo como ofrendas, así como pintura de paredes en contextos monumentales. En efecto, la extracción de pigmentos desde Mina Primavera se aceleró notablemente en la siguiente época de Nasca Temprano, acompañada por prácticas rituales, y al parecer cesa con el abandono de Cahuachi como centro ceremonial, después de lo cual el espacio de la mina aparentemente se convirtió en un espacio sagrado análogo a las estructuras que se conocen como huaca.

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“…Geochemical characterization and sourcing studies of ochre have used techniques such as LA-ICPMS (Green and Watling, 2007;Eerkens et al, 2012;Bu et al, 2013;Zipkin et al, 2015), solution Multi Collector-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) (Eerkens et al, 2014), Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) (Dayet et al, 2015;Moyo et al, 2016), Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) (Popelka-Filcoff et al, 2007;Eiselt et al, 2011;MacDonald et al, 2013), Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATRF-TIS) (Vahur et al, 2010), micro-Raman and micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) (Bikiaris et al, 1999), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Mass Spectrometry (Thomas et al, 2011), Scanning Electron Microscopy -Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) (Huntley et al, 2011), Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) (Mathis et al, 2014), and powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) (Matarrese et al, 2011;Dayet et al, 2013;Huntley et al, 2014;Cavallo et al, 2015). Research using a suite of multiple archaeometric techniques to analyze mineral pigments is becoming increasingly common (e.g.…”

Section: Ochre Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental fingerprinting of Kenya Rift Valley ochre deposits for provenance studies of rock art and archaeological pigments

Zipkin

Ambrose

Hanchar

et al. 2017

Quaternary International

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The Kenya Rift Valley contains many ochre sources that are currently used by indigenous peoples for adornment, rituals, and art. Ochre pigments occur in rock art and archaeological sites spanning over 250,000 years. Chemical analysis for provenience of geological sources is the first step in the process of reconstructing provenance of archaeological artifacts for cultural heritage, archaeological, and paleoanthropological research. Development of an ochre source chemical composition database can facilitate reconstruction of social interaction networks and cultural heritage conservation efforts in this region. Techniques such as Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) are often used for compositional analysis and sourcing of ferruginous mineral pigments. Sourcing has proven challenging due to the diverse range of rocks and minerals that are classified as red and yellow ochres, and the diverse processes that induce variation in composition, including modes of formation, sedimentary transport of parent materials, and diagenesis. Attribution of samples to specific sources is possible only when variation within sources is less than differences between sources (the Provenience Postulate). Here we present the

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Iron isotope analysis of red and black pigments on pottery in Nasca, Peru

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

Toxic Pigment in aCapacochaBurial: Instrumental Identification of Cinnabar in Inca Human Remains from Iquique, Chile

Toxic Pigment in aCapacochaBurial: Instrumental Identification of Cinnabar in Inca Human Remains from Iquique, Chile

Extracción de pigmentos y modos de producción ritual en la cultura Nasca: implicaciones para la secuencia ocupacional de mina Primavera

Elemental fingerprinting of Kenya Rift Valley ochre deposits for provenance studies of rock art and archaeological pigments

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