Iron oxidation kinetics study by using infrared spectral emissivity measurements below 570°C

Campo, Leire del; Pérez-Sáez, R.B.; Tello, M. J.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2007.05.029

Cited by 83 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For a smooth iron or steel surface, the average normal emissivity in the bolometer's spectral range is 0.2 at room temperature and gradually increases with temperature up to 0.95 due to the growth of an oxide layer. 8,14,[24][25][26][27] A steep drop in the emissivity after the solidliquid phase transition 14,22 of the material therefore corresponds to a decrease of the measured bolometer temperature T BM . This allows the extraction of the melt time t M , the time at which the melt front reaches the back side of the plate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical modeling and characterization of the laser–matter interaction during high-power continuous wave laser perforation of thin metal plates

Horak

Heunoske

Lueck

et al. 2015

Journal of Laser Applications

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The phenomena occurring during laser-metal interaction depend on a variety of parameters such as laser wavelength, intensity, and thermophysical and optical properties of the irradiated material. This work comprises a detailed study of the perforation process of thin iron and steel plates under CW laser radiation at a wavelength of 1.07 lm. Experiments were carried out over a wide range of intensities between 0.1 and 100 kW/cm 2 , and with beam radii in the millimeter and centimeter range. Additionally, we describe a method applying contact-free radiative temperature measurements, which allows the measurement of melt-through times without an exact knowledge of the plate's spectral surface emissivity. A detailed numerical model is presented and employed to analyze, interpret, and predict data gathered from the experiments. The model is shown to produce accurate predictions and is in good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, our results indicate that in the investigated regime perforation is governed by gravitational and surface forces. Based on this hypothesis, a criterion for the onset of the perforation explaining the observed local minimum in the perforation time versus beam radius curve is presented. V C 2015 Laser Institute of America. [http://dx

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical modeling and characterization of the laser–matter interaction during high-power continuous wave laser perforation of thin metal plates

Horak

Heunoske

Lueck

et al. 2015

Journal of Laser Applications

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show abstract

“…However, Sprague et al [9], reported, in the wavelength range of 8-14µm, that the spectral emissivity of hematite (Fe2O3) can range from 0.76 to 0.97. Similarly, del Campo et al [7] measured an emissivity's in the range from 0.72 to 0.90 (for a wavelength 8-12 µm) at 480°C for an oxidizing steel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it can be suggested that the cold spots seen in the infrared images result from a variation in local emissivity that arises from a change in the oxide structure (e.g. going from FexO to either Fe3O4 (Magnetite) or Fe2O3 (Hematite [7]) due to the variation in thermal behaviour along of the length of the laminar cooling system associated with the presence of the oxides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Thermal Analysis of Surface Cold Spots Observed during Infrared Video Imaging of a Moving Hot Steel Skelp

Wiskel¹,

Prescott²,

Henein³

2014

Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography

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Infrared video imaging, in conjunction with an emissivity probe, was used to quantify the surface temperature of a moving TMCP (thermo mechanical processed) steel strip (skelp) following laminar cooling. Low temperature spikes (or cold spots) were observed on the infrared images and were attributed to the presence of oxides on the strip surface. Finite element thermal modelling of the strip, with different imposed thicknesses of surface oxide, was undertaken. Predicted strip surface temperatures show that the presence of cold spots on the infrared images cannot be attributed to an real temperature, but likely arises from a change in emissivity of the oxide as its undergo a phase transformation from FexO to either Fe3O4 or Fe2O3.

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“…The effective emissivity of the steel oxide is influenced by many different factors including; oxide scale transparency [5], roughness, scale composition, temperature and scale thickness [6]. It is this potential difference in oxide emissivity which may be exploited, in conjunction with infrared imaging, to assess the functionality of a hot strip mill descaler.…”

Section: Oxide Scale On a Hot Rolled Steel Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Oxide Descaler Functionality in a Steel Hot Strip Mill Using Infrared Video Imaging

Wiskel¹,

Linchieh²,

Henein³

2018

Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography

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A series of infrared temperature videos were taken of the upper surface of hot rolled microalloyed steel skelp immediately following laminar cooling. In addition to validation of the skelp temperature and skelp cooling patterns, local temperature minimums were observed in the infrared images. Post processing of these images was undertaken to quantify both the spatial distribution and frequency of these temperature minimums. The measured transverse spacing of the temperature minimums correlates with the roughing mill descaler nozzle spacing. The genesis of the observed temperature minimums and, ultimately, their correlation with descaler functionality, and potential usage as an online descaler assessment tool, is postulated.

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Iron oxidation kinetics study by using infrared spectral emissivity measurements below 570°C

Cited by 83 publications

References 27 publications

Numerical modeling and characterization of the laser–matter interaction during high-power continuous wave laser perforation of thin metal plates

Numerical modeling and characterization of the laser–matter interaction during high-power continuous wave laser perforation of thin metal plates

Finite Element Thermal Analysis of Surface Cold Spots Observed during Infrared Video Imaging of a Moving Hot Steel Skelp

Assessment of Oxide Descaler Functionality in a Steel Hot Strip Mill Using Infrared Video Imaging

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