“…First, multi-component electrocatalysts comprising more than one metal (e.g., Fe, Co, and Ni) and/or non-metal (e.g., S and P) species have been demonstrated to show better performance than monometallic phosphide and sulfide, [13b] because the coexistence of multiple elements allows for the exposure of more catalytically active sites, and more importantly the tuning of catalyst's electronic structure that enables to enhance the intrinsic catalytic activity. [14] To this end, bimetallic phosphide/sulfide (Ni x Fe 1-x P/S, [15] (Co 1-x Fe x ) 2 P, [16] NiCoP, [17] and Fe-NiS 2 [18] ), metal phosphosulfide (CoPS, [19] P-NiS 2 , [20] CoS|P/CNT, [21] and FePS 3 [22] ), and multi-metal phosphosulfide (Fe 0.2 Ni 0.8 -P 0.5 S 0.5 , [23] Ni 1-x Fe x PS, [24] P-CoNi 2 S 4 , [12a] and FeCoNiP x S y [25] ), were reported already and exhibited improved electrocatalytic performance thanks to the synergetic interplay of different elements. Second, structure engineering turns out to be an effective strategy for achieving high catalytic performance.…”