Iron stores are associated with asymptomatic atherosclerosis in healthy men of primary prevention

Syrovatka, Petr; Kraml, Pavel; Hulíková, Katarína; Fialová, L; Vejražka, Martin; Crkovská, J; Potočková, Jana; Andĕl, M

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02474.x

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Body iron stores correlated with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in healthy men (Syrovatka et al, 2011), an association becomes even more evident in symptomatic atherosclerosis. Plaques from symptomatic patients showed higher iron concentrations, signs of cap rupture and increased cap macrophage activity compared with asymptomatic plaques (Gustafsson et al, 2013).…”

Section: Altered Iron Homeostasis and Atherosclerosis: Epidemiologicamentioning

confidence: 98%

Atherogenesis and iron: from epidemiology to cellular level

et al. 2014

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Iron accumulates in human atherosclerotic lesions but whether it is a cause or simply a downstream consequence of the atheroma formation has been an open question for decades. According to the so called “iron hypothesis,” iron is believed to be detrimental for the cardiovascular system, thus promoting atherosclerosis development and progression. Iron, in its catalytically active form, can participate in the generation of reactive oxygen species and induce lipid-peroxidation, triggering endothelial activation, smooth muscle cell proliferation and macrophage activation; all of these processes are considered to be proatherogenic. On the other hand, the observation that hemochromatotic patients, affected by life-long iron overload, do not show any increased incidence of atherosclerosis is perceived as the most convincing evidence against the “iron hypothesis.” Epidemiological studies and data from animal models provided conflicting evidences about the role of iron in atherogenesis. Therefore, more careful studies are needed in which issues like the source and the compartmentalization of iron will be addressed. This review article summarizes what we have learnt about iron and atherosclerosis from epidemiological studies, animal models and cellular systems and highlights the rather contributory than innocent role of iron in atherogenesis.

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Section: Altered Iron Homeostasis and Atherosclerosis: Epidemiologicamentioning

confidence: 98%

Atherogenesis and iron: from epidemiology to cellular level

et al. 2014

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“…Vitamin B12 is a classic antidote against hyperhomocysteinemia, along with folic acid, and it stands to reason that it should be protective for circulatory purposes. Iron has been incriminated in a number of athrosclerosis studies; therefore, the opposite finding was no surprise [37]. More difficult to explain was the undesirable correlation of zinc, a trace element classically included in antioxidant therapy, especially because the similarly antioxidant vitamin A seemed to improve FMD [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is Intake of Vitamin D and Calcium Important for Cardiovascular Health in Elderly Obese Patients?

et al. 2012

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There is compelling evidence that bariatric weight loss reduces cardiovascular complications; however, these still tend to be the most common cause of late death after surgical intervention. In a prospective cohort study, correlations of dietary nutrients with indexes of vascular health were sought, with emphasis on vitamin D and calcium. Clinically stable obese outpatient subjects (>60 years old, N = 44) were interviewed about dietary macro and micronutrients. Nutritional assessment targeted anthropometric and bioimpedance analysis (BIA), hematologic counts, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory markers. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD), along with related vascular measurements, were documented, and results were correlated by uni- and multivariate analysis, corrected for known risk factors. IMT, FMD, and also brachial basal flow were positively influenced by vitamin D (P < 0.001). Calcium appeared beneficial for brachial basal flow only (P = 0.010). No association with IMT occurred, and a negative result for FMD was elicited. Also, vitamins A and B12 were advantageous for FMD, whereas iron was deleterious for IMT. Intake of many micronutrients including calcium and vitamin D did not meet recommendations. Vitamin D displayed a beneficial profile regarding vascular health, and more attention to this nutrient should be given, especially concerning obese patients with cardiometabolic risk. Calcium exhibited less straightforward results but deserves focus as well, along with antioxidant vitamin A as well as the B-complex which were mostly deficient in this experience.

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“…In a cross-sectional study that included 72 healthy men, the plasma-circulating transferrin receptor concentration:plasma ferritin concentration ratio was an independent contributor of cIMT after controlling for traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis. 4 In the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study using a matched case-control design, the odds ratio for cases with cIMT versus controls was 1.12 (95% confidence interval, 0.97-1.30). However, there was no association when major cardiovascular risk factors were considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between iron stores and the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). [3][4][5][6] In 2007, in his refined iron hypothesis, Sullivan 7 proposed that hepcidin might increase CVD risk by trapping iron into macrophages within the plaque, promoting transformation of these cells into foam cells becoming an atherosclerosis promoter.…”

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confidence: 99%

Serum Ferritin Relates to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Offspring of Fathers With Higher Serum Ferritin Levels

Prats‐Puig

Moreno

Carreras‐Badosa

et al. 2016

ATVB

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Objective-Body iron status has been linked to atherosclerosis in adults. The purposes of our study were to determine (1) the association between circulating ferritin levels and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in a cohort of apparently healthy children and (2) the association between cIMT and parental ferritin levels. Approach and Results-Circulating ferritin levels (microparticle enzyme immunoassay), metabolic parameters, and cIMT (ultrasonography) were analyzed cross-sectionally in a cohort of 692 healthy white children with a mean age of 8±2 years (52% girls and 48% boys). In consecutive 123 children from the cross-sectional sample, the same serum assessments were also performed at baseline in their parents, and the cIMT was repeated after 3 years of follow-up in the children at a mean age of 11±2 years (53% girls and 47% boys). Weak but significant positive associations were evident between children's circulating ferritin levels and cIMT (r=0.123; P=0.001) and with the change in cIMT 3 years later a tendency was also observed (r=0.185; P=0.048). In multiple regression analyses, circulating ferritin levels contributed independently to cIMT variance (β=0.090; P=0.026; R 2 =10%) and cIMT change variance (β=0.216; P=0.019; R 2 = 3.4%) after controlling for body mass index, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, age, sex, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. This association was, however, remarkably significant (β=0.509; P=0.001; R 2 = 20.4%) in children whose fathers had ferritin levels above the median value (122.5 ng/mL).The latter association remained significant after correction for multiple testing. Maternal's ferritin levels showed no interaction in this association. Conclusions-These

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Iron stores are associated with asymptomatic atherosclerosis in healthy men of primary prevention

Abstract: Our study showed a clear association of body iron stores expressed by the TfR/F ratio with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis. TfR/F further exhibited an independent positive correlation with fibrinogen and a negative correlation with sCD163 and IL-8.

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Atherogenesis and iron: from epidemiology to cellular level

Atherogenesis and iron: from epidemiology to cellular level

Is Intake of Vitamin D and Calcium Important for Cardiovascular Health in Elderly Obese Patients?

Serum Ferritin Relates to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Offspring of Fathers With Higher Serum Ferritin Levels

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