Irradiation effect on leaching behavior and form of heavy metals in fly ash of municipal solid waste incinerator

Selection of wet digestion methods for metal quantification in hazardous solid wastes

“…The resultant 10 depletion of ores to satisfy demand for these metals poses a threat 11 to their supply and has intensified the search for secondary ores. 12 Hazardous solid wastes such as spent catalysts, electronic wastes, 13 battery wastes, and fly ash are rich in heavy metals and hence may 14 be considered as 'secondary' or 'artificial' ores [1]. Metal (resource) 15 recovery from these wastes is highly desirable from the view of 16 environmental sustainability.…”

“…An examination of research publications on 37 the leaching of fly ash [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] revealed that only few studies reported 38 the acid digestion protocols used. Moreover, different studies 39 adopted different protocols in solid digestion for metal quantifica-40 tion [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] (including wet digestion methods, and XRF [17]). In 41 view of the importance of metal quantification in determining the 42 effectiveness of the metal recovery techniques, there is a need for a 43 standardized acid digestion protocol for any particular type of 44 waste.…”

Heavy metals removal/stabilization from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash: a review and recent trends

“…Radiation-aided thermal treatment of fly ash has received substantial interest recently [117]. Microwave irradiation is considered to be an efficient heating technique where, generally, materials with a high dielectric constant can rapidly transform microwave energy to heat [118].…”

“…Nam et al [117] employed an electron beam accelerator to investigate the impacts of irradiation on the leachability of fly ash heavy metals. It was found that electron beam irradiation considerably increased HMs leachability due to the destructive mechanism of the high energy electron beams.…”

Fly Ash Pollutants, Treatment and Recycling

“…Furthermore, CO 2 can be recycled without problems (Kersch et al 2004). Nam and Namkoong (2012) explained the use of electron beam irradiation on FA that significantly increased the leaching potential of heavy metals from FA. When the intensity of electron beam irradiation increased gradually up to 210 kGy, concentration of Pb and Zn in the leachate increased linearly as absorbed dose increased, while that of Cu went through no significant change.…”