Irradiation Effects of Roentgen Therapy on the Growing Spine

Fractionation Effect on Radiation-Induced Growth Retardation of Tibia in Rabbits and Rats

“…This effect was demonstrated in several animal models (2,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and in humans (5,21,22). As expected from these investigations, clear-cut dose-response relationships were found in all experimental arms of the present study.…”

“…Furthermore, fractionation was found to produce less severe damage than single-dose irradiation. Although clinical data to date are sparse and somewhat controversial, the most of these studies suggest more severe damage when patients are young and when high doses are applied (3)(4)(5).…”

Does electron and proton therapy reduce the risk of radiation induced cancer after spinal irradiation for childhood medulloblastoma? A comparative treatment planning study

“…In this study, the vertebral bodies were considered as a secondary target, and a sufficient dose was delivered for avoiding uneven bone growth. It was reported that a dose of 20 Gy was considered as a critical dose to arrest bone growth [45,46]. In addition, the mean absorbed dose in the vertebral bodies was about 20 Gy with conventional photon treatment.…”

Height of children successfully treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report from the late effects study committee of childrens cancer study group

“…Although the proximal epiphysis of the femur was not to be included within the field itself, some scatter of radiation to the epiphyseal plate would have resulted. Approximately 10% of the growth of the lower extremity is derived from the proximal epiphyseal plate of the femur [17], and thus some reduction in attained height could be attributed to this aspect of the treatment. In addition, radiation therapy to the pelvic area can result in abnormal ovarian functioin [28] which may affect growth during adolescence.…”