Irradiation studies of multimode optical fibres for use in ATLAS front-end links

Single event upset studies with the optical links of the ATLAS semiconductor tracker

“…The opto-packages are pig-tailed with multi-mode radiation-hard fibres [8]. The data from the SCT front end modules are read out serially via the VDC ASIC [5].…”

“…The SCT on-detector components have been designed to be sufficiently radiation tolerant to survive 10 years of LHC operation. The results of the radiation hardness studies of the ASICs, epitaxial silicon PIN photodiodes, VCSELs iii and fibres are described in previous publications [3,4,5,6,7,8]. As well as surviving the large fluences, the SCT optical links have to operate reliably whilst being exposed to a very high flux of charged and neutral particles.…”

Radiation qualification of the front-end electronics for the readout of the ATLAS liquid argon calorimeters

“…This resulted in a total dose requirement of 2.8 kGy for the production qualification of the fiber. Germanium doped fiber from Plasma Optical Fibres was found to have a radiation induced attenuation within this limit [43]. In the pre-selection stage, these fibers have been shown to withstand doses over 800 Gy(Si) and 2 × 10 13 cm −2 (1-MeV neutron equivalent in Si) with less than 0.1 dB/m attenuation.…”

Resilient computer system design

“…Transient errors in electronic devices due to ionising radiation in the space environment are well known (Adams and Gelman 1984;Adams et al 1982;Binder et al 1975;Blake and Mandel 1986;Waskiewicz et al 1986) as is the impact of such radiation on application-specific electronics such as commercial (Dyer et al 1990;Johansson et al 1998;Olsen et al 1993) and military (Taber and Normand 1993) avionics, nuclear exposed environments (Mahout et al 2000;Marshall 1963), medical instrumentation (Bradley and Normand 1998), and other sea level domains (Hauge et al 1996;Ziegler 1996).…”