Irreversible Heating Measurement with Microsecond Pulse Magnet: Example of the α–θ Phase Transition of Solid Oxygen

Abstract

Dissipation inevitably occurs in first-order phase transitions, leading to irreversible heating. Conversely, the irreversible heating effect may indicate the occurrence of the first-order phase transition. We measured the temperature change at the magnetic-field-induced α-θ phase transition of solid oxygen. A significant temperature increase from 13 to 37 K, amounting to 700 J/mol, due to irreversible heating was observed at the first-order phase transition. We argue that the hysteresis loss of the magnetization curve and the dissipative structural transformation account for the irreversible heating. The measurement of irreversible heating can be utilized to detect the first-order phase transition in combination with an ultrahigh magnetic fields generated in a time of µs order.

H−T phase diagram of solid oxygen

“…1(a), the down sweep of the magnetization curve (H max = 129 T, T 0 = 4 K) accords with the β phase despite the initial phase is α [2]. This is due to the irreversible heating during the α-θ phase transition [15]. Dissipation related to the first-order phase transition (hysteresis loss and dissipative motion of domain walls) results in the heating effect.…”

“…However, we should be careful for the temperature change after the field-induced phase transition. Especially after the α-θ phase transition, irreversible heating as much as 700 J/mol related to the hysteresis loss was observed [15].…”

“…Because of the short duration of the field, the phase transition occurs with large hysteresis indicating non-equilibrium condition [11,12]. In addition, temperature of the sample could change by the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) during the adiabatic magnetization [15,16]. To obtain the thermodynamical phase boundary, these problems have to be dealt with.…”

“…In this paper, the thermodynamical H-T phase diagram of solid oxygen is summarized as a compilation of the experimental works; STC [11,12,15] and adiabatic MCE [16]. In Sect.…”

Quantum Criticality of an Ising-like Spin- 1/2 Antiferromagnetic Chain in a Transverse Magnetic Field

“…During the down-sweep of the field, the sample temperature essentially follows the up-sweep curve and shows again a minimum at B c ⊥ . The hysteresis below B c ⊥ can be due to field-driven reorientation of twin-domains [36], other slow dynamical processes or imperfect adiabatic condition [47,48].…”