Is <scp>COVID</scp> vaccine effective in patients with myeloid malignancy?

Mittelman, Moshe

doi:10.1111/bjh.18155

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, the majority of our patients were treated with immunochemotherapy or targeted treatments, both of them well recognized risk‐factors for poor response to anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines 11 . Interestingly, in this series we found only 15 patients affected by myeloproliferative malignancies (14.7%); this is consistent with the putative higher immunogenicity of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine in patients affected by myeloid malignancies 12 . Consistently, 4 of 8 AML patients reported in our cohort had previously received allogeneic stem cell transplant, which probably made them less capable of mounting an adequate humoral immune response, as observed in lymphoproliferative malignancies 8 …”

Section: N %supporting

confidence: 82%

“…11 Interestingly, in this series we found only 15 patients affected by myeloproliferative malignancies (14.7%); this is consistent with the putative higher immunogenicity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients affected by myeloid malignancies. 12 Consistently, 4 of 8 AML patients reported in our cohort had previously received allogeneic stem cell transplant, which probably made them less capable of mounting an adequate humoral immune response, as observed in lymphoproliferative malignancies. 8 Unfortunately, we had too little data about serological responses upon the fourth vaccine dose, since a post-vaccine evaluation of antispike immunoglobulin G was not routinely assessed at the enrolling sites; this is a weakness of our study limiting the understanding of the real efficacy of the fourth vaccine dose, at least in terms of its capability to induce humoral immune responses.…”

Section: Epicovideha (Clinicaltrialsgov: Nct04733729supporting

confidence: 62%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improved Clinical Outcome of COVID-19 in Hematologic Malignancy Patients Receiving a Fourth Dose of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: An EPICOVIDEHA Report

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes life-threatening COVID-19 in hematologic malignancy (HM) patients, associated with high morbidity and mortality in this particularly vulnerable population. 1 After more than 2 years since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several prophylactic and therapeutic strategies have been developed against SARS-CoV-2, including targeted antivirals, monoclonal antibodies and vaccines, leading

show abstract

Section: N %supporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Epicovideha (Clinicaltrialsgov: Nct04733729supporting

confidence: 62%

Improved Clinical Outcome of COVID-19 in Hematologic Malignancy Patients Receiving a Fourth Dose of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: An EPICOVIDEHA Report

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a small proportion of analyzed patients with myeloid neoplasms, the seroconversion rate was higher compared to those with lymphoid ones (78% vs. 54%, accordingly). Strong impairment of seroconversion rates after COVID-19 vaccinations in patients’ lymphoid malignancies, but not in those with myeloid malignancies, was also observed by others [ 45 , 46 ] and may be attributable to differences in the respective systemic treatment and risk factors, especially the lower frequency of sustained lymphodepletion in the former; however, due to the small number of patients with myeloid neoplasms in this study, these results should be interpreted carefully.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Efficacy of COVID-19 Booster Vaccines in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: Experiences in a Real-World Scenario

Krekeler

Reitnauer

Bacher

et al. 2022

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Two-dose COVID-19 vaccination often results in poor humoral response rates in patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs); yet responses to COVID-19 booster vaccines and the risk of COVID-19 infection post-booster are mostly uncertain. Methods: We included 200 outpatients with HMs and predominantly lymphoid neoplasms (96%, 191/200) in our academic center and reported on the humoral responses, which were assessed by measurement of anti-spike IgG antibodies in peripheral blood as early as 14 days after mRNA-based prime-boost vaccination, as well as factors hampering booster efficacy. Previous basic (double) immunization was applied according to the local recommendations with mRNA- and/or vector-based vaccines. We also report on post-booster COVID-19 breakthrough infections that emerged in the Omicron era and the prophylaxis strategies that were applied to poor and non-responders to booster vaccines. Results: A total of 55% (110/200) of the patients achieved seroconversion (i.e., anti-spike protein IgG antibody titer > 100 AU/mL assessed in median 48 days after prime-boost vaccination) after prime-boost vaccination. Multivariable analyses revealed age, lymphocytopenia, ongoing treatment and prior anti-CD20 B-cell depletion to be independent predictors for booster failure. With each month between anti-CD20-mediated B-cell depletion and booster vaccination, the probability of seroconversion increased by approximately 4% (p < 0.001) and serum–antibody titer (S-AbT) levels increased by 90 AU/mL (p = 0.011). Notably, obinutuzumab treatment was associated with an 85% lower probability for seroconversion after prime-boost vaccination compared to rituximab (p = 0.002). Of poor or non-responders to prime-boost vaccination, 41% (47/114) underwent a second booster and 73% (83/114) underwent passive immunization. COVID-19 breakthrough infections were observed in 15% (29/200) of patients after prime-boost vaccination with predominantly mild courses (93%). Next to seroconversion, passive immunization was associated with a significantly lower risk of COVID-19 breakthrough infections after booster, even in vaccine non-responders (all p < 0.05). In a small proportion of analyzed patients with myeloid neoplasms (9/200), the seroconversion rate was higher compared to those with lymphoid ones (78% vs. 54%, accordingly), while the incidence rate of COVID-19 breakthrough infections was similar (22% vs. 14%, respectively). Following the low frequency of myeloid neoplasms in this study, the results may not be automatically applied to a larger cohort. Conclusions: Patients with HMs are at a high risk of COVID-19 booster vaccine failure; yet COVID-19 breakthrough infections after prime-boost vaccination are predominantly mild. Booster failure can likely be overcome by passive immunization, thereby providing immune protection against COVID-19 and attenuating the severity of COVID-19 courses. Further sophistication of clinical algorithms for preventing post-vaccination COVID-19 breakthrough infections is urgently needed.

show abstract

Is COVID vaccine effective in patients with myeloid malignancy?

Mittelman

2022

Br J Haematol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Is COVID vaccine effective in patients with myeloid malignancy?

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Improved Clinical Outcome of COVID-19 in Hematologic Malignancy Patients Receiving a Fourth Dose of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: An EPICOVIDEHA Report

Improved Clinical Outcome of COVID-19 in Hematologic Malignancy Patients Receiving a Fourth Dose of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: An EPICOVIDEHA Report

Efficacy of COVID-19 Booster Vaccines in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: Experiences in a Real-World Scenario

Is COVID vaccine effective in patients with myeloid malignancy?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About