Is Screen Time Throughout Adolescence Related to ADHD? Findings from 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study

Soares, Pedro San Martin; Oliveira, Paula Duarte de; Wehrmeister, Fernando César; Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista; Gonçalves, Helen

doi:10.1177/1087054721997555

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…There is also evidence from a study that investigated the frequency of digital media use in adolescents over 2 years and revealed higher frequency of digital media use was associated with higher level of ADHD symptoms [ 79 ]. While the results from our cross-sectional study do not indicate a direction to the association between meeting the 24-HMB guideline for screen time and reduced risk of bullying others, the literature suggests limiting the screen time may support social coping, and/or reduce exposure to stimulation that may cause hyper vigilance, stress or increased ADHD symptoms [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Associations of meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines with cognitive difficulty and social relationships in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactive disorder

Taylor

Kong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background Evidence-based 24-h movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines have been developed to integrate recommendations for the time spent on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. For children and adolescents, these 24-HMB guidelines recommend a maximum of two hours of recreational screen time (as part of sedentary behavior), a minimum of 60 min per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and an age-appropriate sleep duration (9–11 h for 5 to 13-year-olds; 8–10 h for 14 to 17-year-olds). Although adherence to the guidelines has been associated with positive health outcomes, the effects of adhering to the 24-HMB recommendations have not been fully examined in children and adolescents with attention eficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD). Therefore, this study examined potential associations between meeting the 24-HMB guidelines and indicators of cognitive and social difficulties in children and adolescents with ADHD. Methods Cross-sectional data on 3470 children and adolescents with ADHD aged between 6 and 17 years was extracted from the National Survey for Children’s Health (NSCH 2020). Adherence to 24-HMB guidelines comprised screen time, physical activity, and sleep. ADHD-related outcomes included four indicators; one relating to cognitive difficulties (i.e., serious difficulties in concentrating, remembering, or making decisions) and three indicators of social difficulties (i.e., difficulties in making or keeping friends, bullying others, being bullied). Logistic regression was performed to determine the associations between adherence to 24-HMB guidelines and the cognitive and social outcomes described above, while adjusting for confounders. Results In total, 44.8% of participants met at least one movement behavior guideline, while only 5.7% met all three. Adjusted logistic regressions further showed that meeting all three guidelines was associated with lower odds of cognitive difficulties in relation to none of the guidelines, but the strongest model included only screen time and physical activity as predictors (OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.12–0.53, p < .001). For social relationships, meeting all three guidelines was associated with lower odds of difficulty keeping friends (OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.21–0.97, p = .04) in relation to none of the guidelines. Meeting the guideline for screen time was associated with lower odds of being bullied (OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.39–0.97, p = .04) in relation to none of the guidelines. While screen time only, sleep only and the combination of both were associated with lower odds of bullying others, sleep alone was the strongest predictor (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.26–0.76, p = .003) in relation to none of the guidelines. Conclusion Meeting 24-HMB guidelines was associated with reduced likelihood of cognitive and social difficulties in children and adolescents with ADHD. These findings highlight the importance of adhering to healthy lifestyle behaviors as outlined in the 24-HMB recommendations with regard to cognitive and social difficulties in children and adolescents with ADHD. These results need to be confirmed by longitudinal and interventional studies with a large sample size.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…engagement in MVPA). For example, promotion of physical activity through exergaming could be a valuable intervention strategy to reach this cohort [ 82 ], while meeting 24-HMB guidelines for non-educational screen time [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines with cognitive difficulty and social relationships in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactive disorder

Taylor

Kong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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“…Dessa forma, foram positivos para TDAH aqueles indivíduos que pontuaram para pelo menos cinco sintomas de desatenção e/ou hiperatividade/impulsividade, com início dos sintomas antes dos 12 anos de idade e, por fim, manifestação de sintomas em pelo menos dois ambientes diferentes, por exemplo, escola, casa, entre outros, causando prejuízo clinicamente significativo do funcionamento social, acadêmico ou ocupacional por pelo menos seis meses 18 . Essa estratégia tem sido utilizada em estudos prévios 20 , 21 .…”

Section: Métodosunclassified

Condições de nascimento e transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade (TDAH) em adultos nas coortes de nascimento de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 1982 e 1993

Farias,

Soares,

Barros

et al. 2023

Cad. Saúde Pública

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Este artigo avaliou a associação das condições de nascimento com o transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade (TDAH) em adultos utilizando dados de duas coorte de nascimento da cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Em 1982 e 1993, todos os nascimentos ocorridos na cidade foram identificados e prospectivamente acompanhados. Nos acompanhamentos aos 30 e 22 anos das coortes 1982 (n = 3.574) e 1993 (n = 3.780), respectivamente, os participantes foram examinados e psicólogos treinados aplicaram a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). Aqueles indivíduos que preencheram os critérios diagnósticos do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-5) foram definidos como positivos para TDAH. A regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância foi usada para estimar a razão de prevalência (RP) ajustadas para sexo, cor da pele materna, renda familiar, idade materna, escolaridade materna durante a gestação, estado civil materno, paridade e tabagismo materno durante a gestação. A prevalência do TDAH adulto foi de 4,4% e 4,5% nas coortes de 1982 e 1993, respectivamente. A prevalência de TDAH foi maior naqueles que nasceram com menor peso, mas não foi observada tendencia linear. Além disso, aqueles que nasceram com peso entre 3.000 e 3.499 gramas (g) (RP = 1,40, IC95%: 1,05-1,86) apresentaram maior risco para o transtorno. Para a idade gestacional, observamos uma relação inversamente proporcional acerca da presença de TDAH, os pré-termos apresentaram risco 33% maior (IC95%: 0,90-1,96) de ser considerado com TDAH do que os nascidos com 39 ou mais semanas, mas como o intervalo de confiança incluiu a nulidade, essa associação pode ter ocorrido ao acaso. Tais resultados indicam que o peso ao nascer e a idade gestacional podem estar associados ao TDAH adulto.

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“…Several longitudinal studies from the communication sciences literature appear to suggest a temporal relationship between media use and subsequent ADHD characteristics, although most studies in this field did not include groups with clinical ADHD diagnoses, and potential confounds of this work and the implications have been widely debated. In the domain of television consumption, a Brazilian cohort study with adolescents from the general population found that ADHD symptoms at age 22 were related to television time at age 11, and total screen time at age 18 [ 28 ]. Another study has shown that the frequency of watching television at age 14 is linked to attention problems at age 16 after controlling for prior family and cognitive factors [ 29 ].…”

Section: Adhd and (Social) Media Use: A Brief Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Problematic Social Media Use in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Narrative Review and Clinical Recommendations

Dekkers

Hoorn

2022

Brain Sciences

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is consistently associated with a host of social problems, such as victimization and difficulties in maintaining close friendships. These problems are not limited to offline relations but also manifest in the online social world, as previous research shows that ADHD is associated with problematic use of social media. Given the ubiquitous nature of social media, the goal of the current review is to understand why adolescents with ADHD demonstrate more problematic social media use than their typically developing peers. To this end, we provide a narrative review on the evidence for the link between ADHD and social media use, and consequently present an integrative framework, which encompasses neurobiological mechanisms (i.e., imbalance theory of brain development and dual pathway model of ADHD) and social mechanisms, including influences from peers and parents. We conclude that empirical work shows most consistent evidence for the link between problematic social media use and ADHD (symptoms), while intensity of social media use is also associated with several other behaviors and outcomes. Finally, we hypothesize how existing interventions for ADHD may work on the identified mechanisms and provide at-hand clinical recommendations for therapists working with adolescents with ADHD who exhibit problematic social media use.

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Is Screen Time Throughout Adolescence Related to ADHD? Findings from 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Associations of meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines with cognitive difficulty and social relationships in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactive disorder

Associations of meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines with cognitive difficulty and social relationships in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactive disorder

Condições de nascimento e transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade (TDAH) em adultos nas coortes de nascimento de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 1982 e 1993

Understanding Problematic Social Media Use in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Narrative Review and Clinical Recommendations

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