Is the Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Really a Good Surrogate Marker of Atherosclerosis?

Tran, Loan; Park, Hyejin; Kim, Ho-dirk

doi:10.5551/jat.11767

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…As an increase in carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is associated with CVD, cIMT is widely used as a surrogate endpoint for subclinical atherosclerosis in adults (Nathan et al, 2005;Simon, Megnien, & Chironi, 2010;Tran, Park, & Kim, 2012). In addition to classical factors (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Do traditional cardiovascular risk factors solely explain intima-media thickening in youth with type 1 diabetes?

Heyden

Birnie

Bovenberg³

et al. 2016

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Do traditional cardiovascular risk factors solely explain intima-media thickening in youth with type 1 diabetes?

Heyden

Birnie

Bovenberg³

et al. 2016

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

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“…Ng et al [28] and Conde et al [29] reported that elastin and collagen contents in the arterial wall of rats were $60% and 30%, respectively, by histological analysis. On the other hand, Debrah et al [30] reported that the collagen-to-total protein ratio was less than 20% in the arterial wall of mice and Tran et al [31] reported that the amount of collagen was over 100-times less than that of elastin in the arterial wall of humans by mass analysis using enzymes. These results support our results that the density of the collagen-rich region in the arterial wall was lower than that of the elastin-rich region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Surface density mapping of natural tissue by a scanning haptic microscope (SHM)

Moriwaki

Oie

Takamizawa

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

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To expand the performance capacity of the scanning haptic microscope (SHM) beyond surface mapping microscopy of elastic modulus or topography, surface density mapping of a natural tissue was performed by applying a measurement theory of SHM, in which a frequency change occurs upon contact of the sample surface with the SHM sensor - a microtactile sensor (MTS) that vibrates at a pre-determined constant oscillation frequency. This change was mainly stiffness-dependent at a low oscillation frequency and density-dependent at a high oscillation frequency. Two paragon examples with extremely different densities but similar macroscopic elastic moduli in the range of natural soft tissues were selected: one was agar hydrogels and the other silicon organogels with extremely low (less than 25 mg/cm(3)) and high densities (ca. 1300 mg/cm(3)), respectively. Measurements were performed in saline solution near the second-order resonance frequency, which led to the elastic modulus, and near the third-order resonance frequency. There was little difference in the frequency changes between the two resonance frequencies in agar gels. In contrast, in silicone gels, a large frequency change by MTS contact was observed near the third-order resonance frequency, indicating that the frequency change near the third-order resonance frequency reflected changes in both density and elastic modulus. Therefore, a density image of the canine aortic wall was subsequently obtained by subtracting the image observed near the second-order resonance frequency from that near the third-order resonance frequency. The elastin-rich region had a higher density than the collagen-rich region.

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“…The carotid artery is a common site of atherosclerosis, and atherosclerotic changes in the carotid artery often reflect systemic atherosclerosis 37,47,48) . A large number of studies have demonstrated that the carotid IMT is higher in patients with atherosclerotic risk factors than in healthy subjects 33,49) , while other studies have showed that the carotid IMT is weakly correlated with cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients 13,38) . Previous studies of the association between the IMT and microangiopathic complications have reported that the mean-IMT is weakly correlated with microangiopathic complications, while the max-IMT is positively correlated with microangiopathic complications 37,41) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial Wall Elasticity Measured Using the Phased Tracking Method and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Miyamoto

Kotani

Okada

et al. 2013

JAT

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Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between atherosclerotic manifestations and brachial and radial arterial wall elasticity (AWE) measured using the phased tracking method in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This study included T2DM patients (n = 220, mean age 59 years) without a history of stroke or coronary artery disease. The brachial AWE, radial AWE, carotid mean intima-media thickness (IMT), max-IMT and flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) were measured. The patients were classified according to the number of atherosclerotic risk factors, including obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Group 1 included T2DM patients only, group 2 included patients with two risk factors, group 3 included patients with three risk factors and group 4 included patients with four risk factors. The patients were also divided into two groups according to microangiopathic complications, including retinopathy and nephropathy. The between-group differences were analyzed. Results: The brachial AWE (548, 697, 755 and 771 kPa for groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively) and radial AWE (532, 637, 717 and 782 kPa for groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively) significantly increased in association with an increasing number of risk factors. The brachial AWE and radial AWE were significantly higher in the patients with microangiopathic complications than in those without microangiopathic complications (brachial AWE 797 and 694 kPa and radial AWE 780 and 660 kPa, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that, for brachial AWE and radial AWE, the area under the curve was equal to the max-IMT and higher than the mean-IMT and FMD. Conclusions: Upper limb AWE measurement can reflect the degree of atherosclerosis risk overload and may be useful for evaluating vascular complications in T2DM patients. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2013; 20:678-687.

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Is the Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Really a Good Surrogate Marker of Atherosclerosis?

Abstract: These results support that the carotid IMT in association with TC, LDL-c and TG can be used as a good surrogate marker of atherosclerosis and predictor of coronary heart disease. Plaque formation may influence significant quantitative changes in collagen and elastin.

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Do traditional cardiovascular risk factors solely explain intima-media thickening in youth with type 1 diabetes?

Do traditional cardiovascular risk factors solely explain intima-media thickening in youth with type 1 diabetes?

Surface density mapping of natural tissue by a scanning haptic microscope (SHM)

Arterial Wall Elasticity Measured Using the Phased Tracking Method and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

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