Is the origin of the superior thyroid artery consistent? A systematic review of 5488 specimens

Poutoglidis, Alexandros; Savvakis, Stavros; Karamitsou, Paraskevi; Forozidou, Evropi; Paraskevas, George; Lazaridis, Nikolaos; Fyrmpas, Georgios; Karamitsou, Aikaterini; Skalias, Antonios

doi:10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.103823

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Understanding the variations in arterial anatomy of the head and neck region is vital for preventing complications related to ischemia or other during surgical interventions [ 7 , 8 ]. This case underscores the importance of incorporating anatomical variations into medical education curricula.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncommon Anatomical Variation of the Facial Artery: A Cadaveric Case Report

Langas,

Tsiakaras,

Mykoniatis

et al. 2023

Cureus

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The facial artery is a branch of the external carotid artery, one of the major arteries supplying blood to the head and neck. The normal route of the facial artery follows a well-defined path. It typically arises from the external carotid artery, above the superior border of the hyoid bone. During its route, the facial artery gives off branches in the neck, mandible, buccal region, and face. This case report explores a rare anatomical variation of the facial artery characterized by an unusual termination point above the upper lip as the superior labial artery, found during a routine cadaveric dissection. While variations in the course of the facial artery are documented, this particular deviation, with its termination anterior to the typical endpoint, presents a unique anatomical variation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncommon Anatomical Variation of the Facial Artery: A Cadaveric Case Report

Langas,

Tsiakaras,

Mykoniatis

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…The STA ligation, during thyroidectomy, is performed close to its origin. Moreover, it is well-established that the STA is being used as an anatomical landmark; its absence (even though rare-0.09%) could lead to injury of the external branch of the SLN and permanent paralysis of the cricothyroid muscle [50].…”

Section: Current Classi Cation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A thorough understanding of the morphological and topographical anatomy of the STA is essential for the precise identi cation and ligation of this vessel during surgical procedures. In speci c scenarios, such as when dealing with tumors in the lateral neck compartment and cervical lymphadenopathy, ENT surgeons may encounter variants in the STA's anatomy [50]. Moreover, displacement of the STA can occur due to mass effects.…”

Section: Current Classi Cation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the two systematic reviews on STA variants [50,65] that lacked a meta-analysis, we performed an evidencebased systematic review with meta-analysis, following the strict methodological process suggested by the Evidencebased Anatomy Workgroup [31] to investigate the exact STA origin, the variant surface of origin, and relationship with the position of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage (TC) (topography).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The superior thyroid artery origin pattern: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Triantafyllou,

Paschopoulos,

Duparc

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Purpose The current systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to investigate the pooled prevalence of the superior thyroid artery (STA) pattern of origin (distinct or fused-common origin with adjacent arteries in the form of a common trunk). The standard and uncommon variants were also studied, considering the STA's exact surface of origin and the relationship with the upper border of the thyroid cartilage (TC, reference point), considering the laterality effect. Thus, the STA topographical anatomy was considered. Methods An evidence-based systematic review with meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A literature search was conducted in four online databases using specific keywords, the pooled prevalence was calculated using statistical analysis in the R programming language, and multiple subgroup analyses were performed. Results The most common distinct origin of the STA was from the external carotid artery (ECA) (56.94% pooled prevalence), and the rarest one was from the internal carotid artery (ICA) (< 0.01%). Common trunks were also investigated, with the thyrolingual trunk emanating from the ECA estimated at 0.61%, representing the most common. Subgroup analysis based on the nationality, type of study, and sample size, as well as a comparison between left and right sides and males and females, were investigated. Conclusions The most common STA origin was estimated as the ECA (56.94%), the medial surface of origin (47.96%), and above the TC upper border (66.14%). Adequate knowledge of STA origin is paramount for surgeons, especially during thyroidectomy, not to cause iatrogenic injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.

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“…However, in some cases, the foramen is occupied by a connective tissue, and there are cases with a vessel or a nerve crossing through the foramen to supply the inner larynx. The superior laryngeal nerve (internal or external branch) and the superior laryngeal artery and vein are the most commonly reported neurovascular structures passing through the thyroid foramen [ 3 , 4 ]. Even though a solitary thyroid foramen is considered to be as high as 28.3% in adults, cases with double thyroid foramen are extremely rare in the literature [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Thyroid Foramina in a Completely Ossified Laryngeal Framework: A Case Report

Poutoglidis¹,

Paraskevas²,

Lazaridis³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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The presence of a thyroid foramen in the thyroid cartilage of the larynx is not uncommon. It may be occluded by a fibrous layer, or it may be an abnormal path for the neurovascular bundle of the larynx. The superior laryngeal nerve and the superior laryngeal vessels are the most common contents of the thyroid foramen. During the observation of the skeleton of a 32-year-old female, we found a completely ossified laryngeal framework with bilateral double thyroid foramina. Three of the foramina were circular, and one was oval in shape. This is a very rare anatomical variation. Deep knowledge of the thyroid cartilage anatomy is mandatory during laryngeal and thyroid surgery. The meticulous dissection of laryngeal vessels and nerves is of paramount importance to control bleeding and avoid postoperative neurological sequelae due to nerve injury. The surgeon should be aware that in the whole length of the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage, a thyroid foramen may be detected.

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Is the origin of the superior thyroid artery consistent? A systematic review of 5488 specimens

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Uncommon Anatomical Variation of the Facial Artery: A Cadaveric Case Report

Uncommon Anatomical Variation of the Facial Artery: A Cadaveric Case Report

The superior thyroid artery origin pattern: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Bilateral Thyroid Foramina in a Completely Ossified Laryngeal Framework: A Case Report

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