Is the routine practice of antibiotic prescription and microbial culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing justified in primary maxillofacial space infection patients? A prospective, randomized clinical study

Kumari, Saroj; Mohanty, Sujata; Sharma, Pankaj; Dabas, Jitender; Kohli, Sanchaita; Diana, Cathrine

doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2017.11.026

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Another limitation of this study is the collection of material for microbiological examination, which proved to be ineffective, because routine laboratory anaerobic culture, as well as the difficulty in collecting anaerobes. However, studies have shown that microorganism culture shows little therapeutic value in the management of localized maxillofacial infections, and surgical therapy and removal of the infectious focus are of paramount importance (Mathew et al;Kumari et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Vital Signs and Laboratory Tests in Patients with Odontogenic Infections Requiring Hospitalization

Pavan¹,

Rocha-Junior²,

Gitt³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Odontostomat.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in vital signs and laboratory tests of patients with odontogenic infections who required hospitalization as well as checking their effectiveness in determining the severity of the case and possible correlations with the length of stay. Patients with odontogenic infections who required hospitalization were assessed prospectively between October 2016 and April 2018. The patients were divided into two groups considered as simple (Group 1) or complex (Group 2) cases according to the length of stay. The personal data, comorbidities, signs and symptoms, vital signs and laboratory tests were analyzed. In this study, 84 cases of maxillofacial infections were detected and 50 cases of odontogenic infections were included. There were significant increases in heart rate (p = 0.012), leukocytosis (p = 0.037), neutrophilia (p = 0.021), neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio (p = 0.044) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p = 0.004) in Group 2. Additionally, there were positive correlations between the length of stay and the following variables: heart rate (p = 0.028), leukocytosis (p = 0.045), neutrophilia (p = 0.033), N/L ratio (p = 0.041) and CRP level (p = 0.003). The N/L ratio was found to have a greater value in regression analysis. It was concluded that there were significant increases in heart rate, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, N/L ratio and CRP levels for the complex cases. There were also positive correlations between the length of stay and the following variables: heart rate, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, N/L ratio and CRP level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Vital Signs and Laboratory Tests in Patients with Odontogenic Infections Requiring Hospitalization

Pavan¹,

Rocha-Junior²,

Gitt³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Odontostomat.

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“…The characteristics of the eight included studies are shown in Table 1 [4,24,[28][29][30][31][32][33]. There were three prospective, double-blinded, randomised clinical studies, two prospective, randomised studies, two prospective studies and one retrospective study.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study included antibiotic prescribing for both dentoalveolar infections and gingival infiltrates, and the prescription for the latter was not included [24]. The studied population consisted mostly of adults (age > 16 years), although one study included paediatric patients [32]. The studies were published from 1983 to 2018.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies involved surgical or dental intervention to address the cause of the infection by extraction or incision/drainage through the root canal system or soft tissue, in addition to the prescription of antibiotics. All studies included cohorts that were administered antibiotics, except for two studies, i.e., Kumari et al [32] and Matijevic et al [31], which both presented a cohort of patients who received surgical intervention only.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spectrum of the antibiotics employed ranged from narrow (e.g., phenoxymethylpenicillin alone) to broad (amoxicillin with clavulanic acid). Metronidazole was used in combination with a penicillin, [4,32] or as monotherapy in one study [4]. Clindamycin was used as monotherapy in four studies [24,[28][29][30].…”

Section: Antibiotic Regimens Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Antibiotic for Empirical Management of Acute Dentoalveolar Infections—A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Concerns regarding increasing antibiotic resistance raise the question of the most appropriate oral antibiotic for empirical therapy in dentistry. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the antibiotic choices and regimens used to manage acute dentoalveolar infections and their clinical outcomes. A systematic review was undertaken across three databases. Two authors independently screened and quality-assessed the included studies and extracted the antibiotic regimens used and the clinical outcomes. Searches identified 2994 studies, and after screening and quality assessment, 8 studies were included. In addition to incision and drainage, the antibiotics used to manage dentoalveolar infections included amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefalexin, clindamycin, erythromycin, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, ornidazole and phenoxymethylpenicillin. Regimens varied in dose, frequency and duration. The vast majority of regimens showed clinical success. One study showed that patients who did not receive any antibiotics had the same clinical outcomes as patients who received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The ideal choice, regimen and spectrum of empirical oral antibiotics as adjunctive management of acute dentoalveolar infections are unclear. Given that all regimens showed clinical success, broad-spectrum antibiotics as first-line empirical therapy are unnecessary. Narrow-spectrum agents appear to be as effective in an otherwise healthy individual. This review highlights the effectiveness of dental treatment to address the source of infection as being the primary factor in the successful management of dentoalveolar abscesses. Furthermore, the role of antibiotics is questioned in primary space odontogenic infections, if drainage can be established.

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Is the penetration of clindamycin into the masseter muscle really enough to treat odontogenic infections?

et al. 2020

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Is the routine practice of antibiotic prescription and microbial culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing justified in primary maxillofacial space infection patients? A prospective, randomized clinical study

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Changes in Vital Signs and Laboratory Tests in Patients with Odontogenic Infections Requiring Hospitalization

Changes in Vital Signs and Laboratory Tests in Patients with Odontogenic Infections Requiring Hospitalization

Oral Antibiotic for Empirical Management of Acute Dentoalveolar Infections—A Systematic Review

Is the penetration of clindamycin into the masseter muscle really enough to treat odontogenic infections?

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