Is There a Future for Small Modular Reactors in Ukraine? Comparative Analysis with Large Capacity Reactors

Popov, Oleksandr; Iatsyshyn, Anna; Ковач, Валерія; Іatsyshyn, Andrii; Neklonskyi, Ihor; Zakora, Alexander

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-35088-7_24

“…In peacetime, the main sources of such threats should primarily be considered objects (O) of critical infrastructure [3]. Energy threats are the most dangerous, as they represent not only man-made and ecological danger but also lead to interruptions in the supply of heat and electricity to the population and production facilities [4]. No less dangerous are enterprises of the oil and gas industry, accidents at which have large-scale and long-term consequences [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for early ignition detection based on the sampling dispersion of dangerous parameter

Pospelov,

Rybka,

Krainiukov

et al. 2024

EEJET

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The object of the study is the selective dispersion of dangerous parameters of the gas environment during material fires. The practical importance of research consists in using the difference of sample dispersions of dangerous parameters of the gas environment on the intervals of absence and presence of ignition of materials for detection of ignition. The theoretical substantiation of the method of detecting fires in premises based on sample dispersions of current measurements of an arbitrary dangerous parameter of the gas environment, corresponding to the general populations of reliable absence and presence of fire, has been carried out. The method, at a given level of significance, determines the unbiased uniformly most powerful fire detection rule. This makes it possible to determine how much differences in sample variances are significant with a given level of significance and are caused by ignition or are random factors. Laboratory experiments were conducted to verify the proposed method. It was established that the influence of ignition on the value of the difference in the sample dispersion at the corresponding intervals of monitoring the carbon monoxide concentration, smoke density, and temperature of the gaseous environment of the laboratory chamber is different and depends on the type of ignition material. At the same time, the minimum difference of the sample dispersions is characteristic for observing the smoke density for all the studied materials. However, early detection of ignition of alcohol, paper, wood, and textiles when observing the smoke density is carried out when the threshold is exceeded by 9.01, 5.31, 2.13 and 2.55 times, respectively. It is shown that the method of early detection of fires, which is based on the detection of significant differences in sample dispersions of data from the relevant general populations

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“…These passive safety features are designed to operate without human intervention or external power, providing robust safety even under challenging conditions (Butt et al, 2016). Small modular reactors typically have reduced staffing requirements compared to large-scale nuclear power plants due to their smaller size and simplified design (Popov et al, 2023). The exact staffing needs may vary depending on the specific SMR design and operational characteristics.…”

Section: Introduction 11npp and Smr Plant Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact staffing needs may vary depending on the specific SMR design and operational characteristics. However, even with reduced staffing, it is critical to ensure that the personnel operating SMRs possess the necessary qualifications, training, and expertise (Popov et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introduction 11npp and Smr Plant Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroencephalogram-Based Human Performance Analysis for Improved Small Modular Reactor Operation

Gaber,

Ren,

A.Gabbar

2024

Preprint

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In the wake of the rapid deployment of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), this study aims to enhance the efficiency, reliability, and safety of SMR operations through a deeper understanding of human factors in their interaction within digital control room systems. Recognizing the pivotal role of human understanding in this new era of nuclear power, we employed electroencephalogram (EEG)-based monitoring to provide an unparalleled real-time view into operators' cognitive states. By interfacing detailed human models, informed by EEG metrics, with specific operational tasks, we recreate potential operational scenarios using an SMR simulator and capture intricate human responses therein. Our results elucidated the intricate relationship between EEG-derived data and human performance shaping factors, indicating a marked correlation between certain EEG patterns and operational efficiencies. Conclusively, these findings underscore the potential of EEG monitoring not only as a diagnostic tool but as an instrumental aid in the design and operation of future SMR digital control rooms. The insights derived offer a roadmap for the development of practical strategies, ensuring more effective and safer SMR operations.

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Electroencephalogram-Based Human Performance Analysis for Improved Small Modular Reactor Operation

Gaber,

Ren,

A.Gabbar

2023

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the wake of the rapid deployment of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), this study aims to enhance the efficiency, reliability, and safety of SMR operations through a deeper understanding of human factors in their interaction within digital control room systems. Recognizing the pivotal role of human understanding in this new era of nuclear power, we employed electroencephalogram (EEG)-based monitoring to provide an unparalleled real-time view into operators' cognitive states. By interfacing detailed human models, informed by EEG metrics, with specific operational tasks, we recreate potential operational scenarios using an SMR simulator and capture intricate human responses therein. Our results elucidated the intricate relationship between EEG-derived data and human performance shaping factors, indicating a marked correlation between certain EEG patterns and operational efficiencies. Conclusively, these findings underscore the potential of EEG monitoring not only as a diagnostic tool but as an instrumental aid in the design and operation of future SMR digital control rooms. The insights derived offer a roadmap for the development of practical strategies, ensuring more effective and safer SMR operations.

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Is There a Future for Small Modular Reactors in Ukraine? Comparative Analysis with Large Capacity Reactors

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Method for early ignition detection based on the sampling dispersion of dangerous parameter

Method for early ignition detection based on the sampling dispersion of dangerous parameter

Electroencephalogram-Based Human Performance Analysis for Improved Small Modular Reactor Operation

Electroencephalogram-Based Human Performance Analysis for Improved Small Modular Reactor Operation

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