Is there more than one inflammatory phenotype in asthma?

O’Donnell, Rory; Frew, Anthony J.

doi:10.1136/thorax.57.7.566

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Emphasis has been recently placed on the heterogeneity of airways inflammation in asthma [1]. Although airways eosinophilia governed by Th2 cytokines is regarded as a prominent feature of asthma [2], it has become clear that a substantial part of asthmatics may not exhibit raised number of eosinophils in airways lumen [3] or bronchial walls [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine production from sputum cells in eosinophilicversusnon-eosinophilic asthmatics

Quaedvlieg

Henket

Sele

et al. 2005

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryThe inflammatory pathways involved in asthma are more complex than the sole Th2-mediated eosinophilic airway inflammation. Different phenotypes of asthma have been recently highlighted and are probably underlied by different immunological profiles. The aim of the study was to assess cytokine production from sputum cells in eosinophilic versus non-eosinophilic asthmatics. Induced sputum was obtained from 48 consecutive stable mild to moderate asthmatics (20 eosinophilic asthmatics, 28 non-eosinophilic asthmatics) and 31 healthy subjects. Cytokine released from sputum cells were measured by a home-made two-step sandwich immunoassay. Cytokines investigated were interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α α α α and interferon (IFN)-γ γ γ γ . Sputum cells from eosinophilic asthmatics produced more IL-4 than those from both healthy subjects ( P < < < < 0·05) and non-eosinophilic asthmatics ( P < < < < 0·05). Conversely, sputum cells from eosinophilic asthma were found to release lower amounts of TNF-α α α α than those from healthy subjects ( P < < < < 0·05). The group of non-eosinophilic asthmatics did not distinguish from healthy subjects with respect to any cytokines measured. Sputum cells from asthmatics exhibiting eosinophilic airway inflammation release more IL-4 and less TNF-α α α α than those of healthy subjects. By contrast, non-eosinophilic asthmatics did not distinguish from healthy subjects by abnormal cytokine release from their sputum cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine production from sputum cells in eosinophilicversusnon-eosinophilic asthmatics

Quaedvlieg

Henket

Sele

et al. 2005

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Despite this association there is significant heterogeneity amongst subgroups in asthma, and even within individual patients from season to season. Clearly different inflammatory phenotypes are present in asthmatics (84). For example, eosinophilic bronchitis (EB) is characterized by an increase in airway eosinophils, yet in contrast to asthma, AHR does not appear to be a feature.…”

Section: The Eosinophil As a Marker Of Allergic Disease And Asthma Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rise of the phoenix: the expanding role of the eosinophil in health and disease

Adamko

Odemuyiwa

Vethanayagam

et al. 2004

Allergy

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We have entered a new phase in the evolution of our understanding of the role of the eosinophil with a greater appreciation of novel potential functions that may be ascribed to this enigmatic cell type. This review not only provides an update to our current understanding of the various immunobiological roles for the eosinophil, but also attracts attention to some novel observations predicting functions beyond its putative effector role. These observations include the intriguing possibility that the eosinophil may posses the capacity to regulate the immune and inflammatory responses in diseases such as asthma.

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“…The fact that there is no equilibrium between eosinophils in the blood and airways and the observation that blood eosinophilia is not always indicative of disease activity support the concept that extravasation is one key element in inducing and maintaining asthma [4][5][6][7]. Moreover, the role of extravasation in asthma is not restricted to eosinophils, as demonstrated by emerging results showing that at least two different inflammatory phenotypes exist in allergic asthma: eosinophilic and neutrophilic airway inflammation [8][9][10][11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Development of Synthetic Pan-Selectin Antagonists: A New Treatment Strategy for Chronic Inflammation in Asthma

Aydt¹,

Wolff²

2002

Pathobiology

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Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of large and small airways maintained by extravasation of leukocytes from the bloodstream into the surrounding peribronchial tissue. The process of extravasation is of crucial importance in inflammation and is mediated by a sequenced and concerted action between different adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and ligands on leukocytes. In this context, initial rolling and tethering is generally considered to be the primary event which is mediated by selectins, a family of glycoproteins comprised of E-, P- and L-selectin. Their role in asthma has been demonstrated in a variety of animal models, showing that all three selectins are involved in the chronic inflammation in asthma. Therefore, selectins are an attractive target where pan-selectin antagonism is the desired treatment strategy. Here, we give an overview of the status of the preclinical and clinical development of bimosiamose, the most advanced synthetic pan-selectin antagonist as a treatment for asthma.

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Is there more than one inflammatory phenotype in asthma?

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Cytokine production from sputum cells in eosinophilicversusnon-eosinophilic asthmatics

Cytokine production from sputum cells in eosinophilicversusnon-eosinophilic asthmatics

The rise of the phoenix: the expanding role of the eosinophil in health and disease

Development of Synthetic Pan-Selectin Antagonists: A New Treatment Strategy for Chronic Inflammation in Asthma

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