Islamism in Tunisia Before and After the Arab Spring

Haugbølle, Rikke Hostrup; Cavatorta, Francesco

doi:10.5040/9780755608744.ch-001

Cited by 3 publications

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“…What is surprising, though, is the amount of the electoral support that Nidaa Tounes managed to obtain in the free and fair elections. The electoral success of Ennahda in Tunisia and of the Freedom and Justice Party in Egypt in the first free elections after the Arab Uprisings constitutes the main focus of the literature (Basly 2011;Sweeney 2013;Haugbølle and Cavatorta 2014). Studies that were written before the Arab Uprisings (Garcia-Rivero and Kotzé 2007; Kurzman and Naqvi 2010; Hamid 2011) concentrated on the electoral performance of the Islamist parties in relatively democratic political systems, where these parties either fielded independent candidates, strategically chose specific regions that could provide maximum mass support, or purposively did not win pluralities of vote to deflect any attention from authoritarian regimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voting for secular parties in the Middle East: evidence from the 2014 general elections in post-revolutionary Tunisia

Ozen

2018

The Journal of North African Studies

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Arab uprisings paved the way for democratic elections in the Middle East and North Africa region. Yet countries in this region, except for Tunisia, were not able to maintain further democratisation. Tunisia, regardless of economic turbulence and security problems, managed to hold its second parliamentary elections in October 2014, and Ennahda, the party of the popular Islamist movement, could not keep mass support. A large number of studies have examined the rise of the Islamist parties as their electoral success in the post-Arab Uprisings elections by focusing on their organisational strength as well as their social services. However, the social basis of secular parties in the region has been overlooked in the democratisation literature. In this study, four competing arguments, religious-secularism cleavage, nostalgia for the old regime, negative campaign targeting Islamists, and retrospective voting, are considered as the key determinants of citizens' party choices. By using original election survey data, this study asserts that secular Nidaa Tounes derived its support from secular people, who, at the same time, sympathised with the old regime and disfavoured Islamists.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voting for secular parties in the Middle East: evidence from the 2014 general elections in post-revolutionary Tunisia

Ozen

2018

The Journal of North African Studies

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“…At the same time, it manifested in addition to Ennahda's gradual playing down of Islamist ideology and credentials in both discourses and policy platforms. This latter attitude, by contrast, is not new in the history of the party (Cavatorta & Merone, 2013;Haugbølle & Cavatorta, 2014;Sadiki, 2018) but was more clearly defined in the post-2011 period, and reinforced since 2013 through the agreements on the new Constitution and the renunciation of including Islam-inspired articles. Central to the argument of this paper is that major changes in the party's approach occurred in the context of specific critical moments defined as such by the cumulative effects of domestic pressure and external counterexamples.…”

Section: Self-containmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning mechanisms within an Islamist party: Tunisia’s Ennahda Movement between domestic and regional balances

Cimini

2021

Contemporary Politics

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“…Malaysia and Singapore have enjoyed religious peace among Buddhists, Hindus, Muslims, and Christians (Abubakar 2013; Channel News Asia 2015). In post-revolutionary Tunisia, political competition between secularists and Islamists has not escalated into violent conflicts (BBC 2015; Haugbølle and Cavatorta 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autocracy, Religious Restriction, and Religious Civil War

Kim¹,

Choi

2016

Politics and Religion

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This article illuminates the relationship between level of religious restriction and the onset of religious civil war in the context of autocracy. That is, we investigate how autocrats' religious restriction accounts for religious civil war. We hypothesize that in autocracies, moderate religious restriction is likely to engender religious civil war (Hypothesis 1), policy change from religious laissez-faire to moderate restriction raises the probability of religious civil war (Hypothesis 2), and the transition from tight restriction to moderate restriction is likely to trigger religious civil war (Hypothesis 3). To test our hypotheses, we conduct statistical analyses as well as case studies. The results confirm Hypotheses 1 and 2, but not Hypothesis 3. This suggests that (1) within autocracies, different levels of religious restriction exert different effects on religious civil war and (2) moderate religious restriction is dangerous enough to spark religious civil war and religious laissez-faire helps to generate religious peace.

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Islamism in Tunisia Before and After the Arab Spring

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Voting for secular parties in the Middle East: evidence from the 2014 general elections in post-revolutionary Tunisia

Voting for secular parties in the Middle East: evidence from the 2014 general elections in post-revolutionary Tunisia

Learning mechanisms within an Islamist party: Tunisia’s Ennahda Movement between domestic and regional balances

Autocracy, Religious Restriction, and Religious Civil War

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