Island phytophagy: explaining the remarkable diversity of plant-feeding insects

Joy, Jeffrey B.; Crespi, Bernard J.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.0397

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Higher dominance is associated with more host–consumer encounters (random placement hypothesis) and more ecological niches for consumers (habitat diversity hypothesis) (Miller, 2012; Strona & Fattorini, 2014). For example, the occurrence of more species in a plant family implies the existence of a greater number of available niches (de Araújo, dos Santos, & Gomes‐Klein, 2012; de Araújo, Silva, dos Santos, & Gomes‐klein, 2013; Joy & Crespi, 2012; Mendonça, 2007). Therefore, according to the plant family size hypothesis, larger plant families are expected to host more parasites (de Araújo, 2011; de Araújo et al., 2012, 2013; Cuevas‐Reyes, Quesada, Hanson, & Oyama, 2007; Dai et al., 2017; Fernandes, 1992; Gonçalves‐Alvim, Fernandes, & Goncalves‐Alvim, 2001; Lawton & Price, 1979; Mendonça, 2007; Price, 1977; Veldtman & McGeoch, 2003; Ward & Spalding, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variation in leafminer species richness among different host plants might be described by the species–area (i.e., leafminer species to host plant area) or species–apparency (i.e., leafminer species to host plant apparency) relationship (Dai et al., 2017; MacArthur & Wilson, 1967; Opler, 1974). “Area” here is a function of the distribution area, body size, number of individuals, and other indicators of plant dominance (Chaij, Devoto, Oleiro, Chaneton, & Mazía, 2016; Feeny, 1976; Joy & Crespi, 2012; Kamiya, O'Dwyer, Nakagawa, & Poulin, 2014; Miller, 2012). However, the unapparent relatives of apparent hosts might be utilized by leafminers due to the chemical similarities among phylogenetically closed plants (Dai et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are dominant plant species more susceptible to leaf‐mining insects? A case study at Saihanwula Nature Reserve, China

Dai

Long

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Dominant species significantly affect interspecific relationships, community structure, and ecosystem function. In the field, dominant species are often identified by their high importance values. Selective foraging on dominant species is a common phenomenon in ecology. Our hypothesis is that dominant plant groups with high importance values are more susceptible to leaf‐mining insects at the regional level. Here, we used the Saihanwula National Nature Reserve as a case study to examine the presence–absence patterns of leaf‐mining insects on different plants in a forest‐grassland ecotone in Northeast China. We identified the following patterns: (1) After phylogenetic correction, plants with high importance values are more likely to host leafminers at the species, genus, or family level. (2) Other factors including phylogenetic isolation, life form, water ecotype, and phytogeographical type of plants have different influences on the relationship between plant dominance and leafminer presence. In summary, the importance value is a valid predictor of the presence of consumers, even when we consider the effects of plant phylogeny and other plant attributes. Dominant plant groups are large and susceptible targets of leaf‐mining insects. The consistent leaf‐mining distribution pattern across different countries, vegetation types, and plant taxa can be explained by the “species‐area relationship” or the “plant apparency hypothesis.”

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are dominant plant species more susceptible to leaf‐mining insects? A case study at Saihanwula Nature Reserve, China

Dai

Long

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Host-plant preferences are well characterized for gall midge species in 351 genera [41,43] which also may be categorized by the presence or the absence of fungal symbionts [15,30,43]. Both molecular and morphological analyses have also revealed that a small proportion (53 of the approx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with other phytophagous insects [38][39][40], gall midge host-plant shifts occur most often between closely related plants relative to distantly related plants, because shifts among distantly related plants require substantially more adaptation [6,39]. Thus, gall midges are constrained in the range of possible host-plant shifts by the genetic distance between plant taxa [41,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiosis catalyses niche expansion and diversification

Joy

2013

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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105

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Interactions between species are important catalysts of the evolutionary processes that generate the remarkable diversity of life. Symbioses, conspicuous and inherently interesting forms of species interaction, are pervasive throughout the tree of life. However, nearly all studies of the impact of species interactions on diversification have concentrated on competition and predation leaving unclear the importance of symbiotic interaction. Here, I show that, as predicted by evolutionary theories of symbiosis and diversification, multiple origins of a key innovation, symbiosis between gall-inducing insects and fungi, catalysed both expansion in resource use (niche expansion) and diversification. Symbiotic lineages have undergone a more than sevenfold expansion in the range of host-plant taxa they use relative to lineages without such fungal symbionts, as defined by the genetic distance between host plants. Furthermore, symbiotic gall-inducing insects are more than 17 times as diverse as their non-symbiotic relatives. These results demonstrate that the evolution of symbiotic interaction leads to niche expansion, which in turn catalyses diversification.

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“…Further, the frequent shifts between evolutionarily distinct hosts observed in parasites have led to the analogy of considering plant species as resource islands separated by evolutionary distances (16)(17)(18). In this metaphor, related plants constitute resource archipelagos within which colonization of new resource islands entails few costs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Geography and major host evolutionary transitions shape the resource use of plant parasites

Calatayud

Hórreo

Madrigal‐González

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The evolution of resource use in herbivores has been conceptualized as an analog of the theory of island biogeography, assuming that plant species are islands separated by phylogenetic distances. Despite its usefulness, this analogy has paradoxically led to neglecting real biogeographical processes in the study of macroevolutionary patterns of herbivore-plant interactions. Here we show that host use is mostly determined by the geographical cooccurrence of hosts and parasites in spider mites (Tetranychidae), a globally distributed group of plant parasites. Strikingly, geography accounts for most of the phylogenetic signal in host use by these parasites. Beyond geography, only evolutionary transitions among major plant lineages (i.e., gymnosperms, commelinids, and eudicots) shape resource use patterns in these herbivores. Still, even these barriers have been repeatedly overcome in evolutionary time, resulting in phylogenetically diverse parasite communities feeding on similar hosts. Therefore, our results imply that patterns of apparent evolutionary conservatism may largely be a byproduct of the geographic cooccurrence of hosts and parasites.evolutionary conservatism | geographic signal | host use evolution | parasite-host interactions | spider mites E cological interactions are commonly thought to be evolutionarily conserved (1). This idea roots back to Darwin and is based on the assumption that traits regulating interactions are mainly an ancestor's legacy. Following this rationale, it is expected that phylogenetically related species will also interact with partners that are phylogenetically clustered. Plants and the herbivores that feed on them constitute a large amount of the Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. However, the processes behind the origin of such diversity remain controversial (2). Related plant hosts tend to harbor similar communities of both herbivores (3-5) and pathogens (6, 7). Still, host shifts may be favored when they involve distantly related plants producing similar chemical compounds as defense against parasites (8). In fact, macroevolutionary evidence shows that host shifts of parasites to unrelated plants are common (9-13), questioning the ubiquity of evolutionary conservatism.These patterns of host use in parasites have led to the formulation of the "parasite paradox," which states that although parasites are generally specialized on a given (set of) host plant(s), host shifts to distantly related hosts occur frequently (14, 15). Further, the frequent shifts between evolutionarily distinct hosts observed in parasites have led to the analogy of considering plant species as resource islands separated by evolutionary distances (16)(17)(18). In this metaphor, related plants constitute resource archipelagos within which colonization of new resource islands entails few costs. Among such archipelagos, however, colonization processes may be costly, potentially leading to disruptive selection and hence to speciation via host shift (19,20). Paradoxically, framing the evolution of plant host use ...

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Island phytophagy: explaining the remarkable diversity of plant-feeding insects

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Are dominant plant species more susceptible to leaf‐mining insects? A case study at Saihanwula Nature Reserve, China

Are dominant plant species more susceptible to leaf‐mining insects? A case study at Saihanwula Nature Reserve, China

Symbiosis catalyses niche expansion and diversification

Geography and major host evolutionary transitions shape the resource use of plant parasites

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