Isokinetic Muscle Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Knee muscle strength deficits have been reported in individuals who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Isokinetic testing is a valid way to assess muscle strength. Some isokinetic variables, including the range of motion in the phases to attain a specific velocity, load range (sustained specific velocity), time to achieve deceleration, and qualitative analysis of the torque-angle velocity relationship, may contribute to understanding recovery of these individuals after surgery. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the load range (LR), time to attain velocity (TTAV), deceleration time (DT) phases, total range of motion (ROM), peak torque/body mass (PT/BM), angle of peak torque (AngPT) during LR and torque-angle-velocity relationships (TAV 3D ) between post ACLR and matched control subjects. Study design: Case-control.Methods: Seven men who underwent ACLR and seven matched controls were evaluated from four to six months after surgery. Testing was performed on a Biodex System 4 isokinetic dynamometer in concentric mode at 60, 120 and 300 °/s, for knee flexion and extension.Results: Statistically significant differences were seen for extension ROM at 60 °/s where ROM was greater in the control group. PT/BM for extensors was also significantly greater in controls by 20 % compared to ACLR at 60 and 120 °/s. PT/BM for flexors was significantly greater for controls at 60 °/s (~15 %). TAV 3D showed differences in torque and, specifically, the control group sustained knee flexion torque for a greater range of motion when compared to the ACLR group. Conclusion:The ACL group presented with lower ROM and PT/BM, therefore exhibiting worse muscle performance in comparison to the control group.

Quadriceps Strength After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Compared With Uninjured Matched Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…For 0 to 6 months after ACLR, strong evidence with a large effect size (8 LR studies, homogeneous) showed that limbs with ACLR had lower quadriceps strength compared with matched control limbs (SMD, –1.42; 95% CI, –1.62 to –1.23; I 2 = 0%) ( Figure 2 ). 1 , 7 , 10 , 17 , 30 , 35 , 40 , 45 For 6 to 18 months after ACLR, strong evidence with a large effect size (7 LR studies, homogeneous) showed that ACLR limbs had lower quadriceps strength compared with matched control limbs (SMD, –0.92; 95% CI, –1.18 to –0.66; I 2 = 0%) ( Figure 2 ). 6 , 19 , 34 , 36 , 50 , 58 , 59 For >18 months after ACLR, moderate evidence (7 LR studies, heterogeneous) with a small effect size showed that ACLR limbs had lower quadriceps strength when compared with matched control limbs (SMD, –0.38; 95% CI, –0.79 to 0.03; I 2 = 76%) ( Figure 2 ).…”

“…When the analyses were restricted to studies that reported isokinetic quadriceps strength, for 0 to 6 months after ACLR, strong evidence with a large effect size (6 LR studies, homogeneous) showed that limbs with ACLR had lower isokinetic quadriceps strength compared with matched control limbs (SMD, –1.46; 95% CI, –1.67 to –1.25; I 2 = 0%) ( Appendix Figure A3 ). 1 , 7 , 10 , 17 , 40 , 45 For the 6- to 18-month strata, strong evidence with a large effect size (6 LR studies, homogeneous) showed that ACLR limbs had lower isokinetic quadriceps strength compared with matched control limbs (SMD, –1.04; 95% CI, –1.39 to –0.70; I 2 = 35%) ( Appendix Figure A3 ). 6 , 19 , 34 , 36 , 50 , 58 For >18 months after ACLR, pooled analysis was not performed because only 3 studies were available.…”

“… ∥ References 1 , 6 , 7 , 10 , 11 , 17 , 19 , 25 , 26 , 29 , 30 , 34 – 36 , 40 , 42 , 45 , 48 , 50 , 58 , 59 . …”

Influence of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot in adult women in ankle isokinetic performance: a cross‐sectional study

“…Finally, the real testing was carried out. Similar procedures to the warm-up and familiarization were performed according to the study [ 31 ]. The ankle isokinetic protocol was characterized by a set of six repetitions at each velocity, performed in a simple draw, with a rest period of 90 s between sets.…”

Die Effekte von hochintensivem Intervalltraining in Fällen mit Rekonstruktion des anterioren Kreuzbandes

“…Daher sind die hinteren Oberschenkelmuskeln für die dynamische Gelenkstabilität und die neuromuskuläre Kontrolle des Knies von entscheidender Bedeutung. Darüber hinaus kommt es nach der Transplantation der Patellasehne zu Kraft- und Ausdauerverlust in der Quadrizeps- und Oberschenkelmuskulatur, und dieser Zustand hält etwa ein bis vier Jahre an 7 8 . Aufgrund dieser Situation sind zu gegebener Zeit spezifischere Trainingsmethoden erforderlich, um die Kraft und Muskelausdauer der peripheren Kniemuskulatur zu verbessern 9 .…”