Isolated metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in the right ventricle

Abstract

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with right ventricle metastasis without inferior vena cava and right atrium involvement is very rare and the prognosis of HCC with RV metastasis is generally poor. The mass in the cardiac chamber may lead to lethal instability of hemodynamics, however, the initial symptom is probably non-specific, which means that diagnosis timely becomes even harder.Case presentationWe present a 63-year-old male with isolated metastasis of HCC in the right ventricle which caused inflow obstruction. Moreover, we reviewed a series of studies of isolated metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma between 1980 and 2018, and summarized the relative outcomes.ConclusionsIsolated metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in the right ventricle is extraordinarily rare. It may damage cardiac structure and broke hemodynamic balance. Multimodality imaging plays an important in accurate pre-operation assessment. Nowadays, palliative treatments could relieve fatal symptoms to some degree, however, standard treatment has not been well established.

Cardiac thrombotic stability determined by contrast-enhanced echocardiography: investigative protocol and preliminary results

“…There are only a few studies on the application of CEUS in the diagnosis of cardiac thrombosis. According to the previous study, unlike solid tumors, no contrast agent can enter the thrombi without blood supply during CEUS [ 11 , 14 , 15 ].…”

New curative approach using embolization followed by moderate-dose radiotherapy after surgical failure for large right heart metastasis

“…Intracavitary CM from the abdomen via the inferior vena cava is mainly located in the right ventricle or atrium, favored by physical cardiac conditions as low intracavitary pressure, slow blood flow, and lighter contractile strength and abdominal conditions such as extensive sub-diaphragmatic or hepatic surgery [5] , [6] . Whereas cardiac valves are usually not involved because of their lack of vascularization and constant movement [3] , an obstruction is expected to damage valve function in the case of a large intraventricular mass.…”

Isolated metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in the right atrium: a case observed in a university hospital in West Africa (Bouake, Ivory Coast)

“…All the data in the literature agree on the pejorative nature of this localization, however the treatment can improve the quality of life [3] . Cases in West Africa, an area of high prevalence of HCC are rare [1] and to our knowledge none has been described in Ivory Coast, we report a case of isolated right antral metastasis of accidental discovery observed in Ivory Coast precisely at the Bouake University Hospital.…”

“…Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer in areas of high prevalence of chronic liver disease. Its intracardiac extension is rare [1] . An incidence of less than 6% is reported in an autoptic series [2] .…”