Isolation and characterization of a novel arenavirus harbored by Rodents and Shrews in Zhejiang province, China

Li, Kun; Lin, Xian-Dan; Wang, Wen; Shī, Mǎng; Guo, Wen‐Ping; Zhang, Xiao-He; Xing, Jian-Guang; He, Jijun; Wang, Ke; Li, Minghui; Cao, Jian-Hai; Jiang, Mu-Liu; Holmes, Edward C.; Zhāng, Yǒng-Zhèn

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2014.11.026

Cited by 67 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Li et al . () identified a new arenavirus Wenzhou virus, in South China, with high prevalence in four rodent species, R. norvegicus, R. flavipectus, R. losea and R. rattus . Wenzhou virus was also detected in low prevalence in N. niviventer (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forecasting potential emergence of zoonotic diseases in South‐East Asia: network analysis identifies key rodent hosts

Bordes

Caron

Blasdell

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary Within complex ecological systems, identifying animal species likely to play a key role in the emergence of infectious zoonotic diseases remains a major challenge. One approach consists of using information on current ecological and parasitological similarities among host species in order to predict the most likely pathways for future pathogen spillover. Using field data acquired from 15 sympatric rodent species in various habitats in Thailand, Cambodia and Laos, we built networks based on shared parasites (17 helminth and 15 microparasite species) and shared habitats among rodent species and humans. We investigated the architectures of bipartite and unipartite networks using modularity, subgroups partitioning or node centrality, to assess the relative epidemiological importance of particular rodent species. Our results showed that Rattus tanezumi, Bandicota savilei and R. exulans were consistently found to be members of subgroups that included humans in unipartite and bipartite networks on zoonotic agents and shared habitats. High values of centrality in shared zoonotic agents were found for the same three rodent species, whereas high values of shared habitats were observed for two of them. Although phylogenetically related rodent species likely shared both habitats and parasites, a lack of habitat specialization was associated with increased zoonotic parasite sharing. Our results emphasize the disproportionate importance of these three rodent species, through their high degree of connectivity with humans, which may represent a high risk for direct zoonotic spillover. Moreover, due to its high centrality in habitats, R. tanezumi may also play a key role as a bridge host. The recent discovery of new arenaviruses in rodents in South‐East Asia, with associated disease in humans in Cambodia, provides an opportunity to test this empirically. The three rodent species identified using our network approach are some of the potential maintenance hosts for these new emerging arenaviruses. Synthesis and applications. Our results on rodents and their pathogens in South‐East Asia show that network analysis has a high potential to improve the surveillance of emerging zoonotic pathogens by targeting key host species and potential ‘emerging’ pathogen–rodent interactions in complex and heterogeneous landscapes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, we test our hypotheses using data from recent reports of newly emerging rodent‐borne arenaviruses in SEA (Li et al . ; Blasdell et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting potential emergence of zoonotic diseases in South‐East Asia: network analysis identifies key rodent hosts

Bordes

Caron

Blasdell

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…A pathogenic potential was suggested, but not confirmed initially. 12 It was then found that some patients in southeast Asian countries with respiratory symptoms tested positive for the Wenzhou virus. The virus was hypothesized to be spreading more widely among humans in Asia.…”

Section: Discovery Of New Potentially Pathogenic Microorganisms In Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse microbial etiology: A research field for predicting and preventing emerging infectious diseases caused by an unknown microorganism

2019

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity

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a b s t r a c tTo predict, detect, prepare for, and prevent potential emerging infectious diseases caused by unknown microorganisms in the future, we have proposed the research field of reverse microbial etiology. We isolate and classify unknown microorganisms and assesse their ability to cause infection, an outbreak, or epidemic. We suggest a list of potential pathogens and propose a preparation, prevention, and control strategy to protect global health and global economy and to ensure global security.

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“…The recent discovery of erinaceus coronavirus (EriCoV) in West European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) indicates that insectivores are the natural reservoir of CoV (41). Over the past decade, additional novel viruses have been identified in shrews (29)(30)(31), indicating that these animals may play an important role in the evolution and transmission of viruses, including coronaviruses. WESV was identified in 24 of 266 shrews sampled from four counties of two provinces, with an overall detection rate of 9.02%, but not in rodents captured from the same areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the discovery of distinct nidoviruses in insects suggests that coronaviruses may have an invertebrate origin (27,28). Importantly, multiple viruses (e.g., arenavirus, hantaviruses, and rotavirus) have also been identified in insect-eating shrews over the past decade (29)(30)(31). Hence, like bats, shrews may play an important role in the evolution and transmission of viruses, including coronaviruses, among animals, or from animals to humans.…”

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confidence: 99%

Discovery of a Highly Divergent Coronavirus in the Asian House Shrew from China Illuminates the Origin of the Alphacoronaviruses

Wang

Lin²,

Liao

et al. 2017

J Virol

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Although shrews are one of the largest groups of mammals little is known about their role in the evolution and transmission of viral pathogens including coronaviruses. We captured 266 Asian house shrews () in Jiangxi and Zhejiang provinces, China, during 2013-2015. Coronavirus (CoV) RNA was detected in 24 Asian house shrews, with an overall prevalence of 9.02%. Complete viral genome sequences were successfully recovered from the RNA positive samples. The newly discovered shrew CoV fell into four lineages reflecting their geographic origins, indicative of largely allopatric evolution. Notably, these viruses were most closely related to alphacoronaviruses, but sufficiently divergent that they should be considered a novel member of the genus , which we denote Wénchéng shrew virus (WESV). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that WESV was a highly divergent member of the alphacoronaviruses and, more dramatically, that the S gene of WESV fell in a cluster that was genetically distinct from that of known coronaviruses. The divergent position of WESV suggests that coronaviruses have a long association with Asian house shrews. In addition, the genome of WESV contains a distinct NS7 gene that exhibits no sequence similarity to any known viruses. Together, these data suggest that shrews are natural reservoirs for coronaviruses and may have played an important and long-term role in CoV evolution. The subfamily contains several notorious human and animal pathogens, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Because of their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships it has been proposed that the alphacoronaviruses likely have their ultimate ancestry in those viruses residing in bats. Here, we described a novel alphacoronavirus (Wénchéng shrew virus, WESV) that was sampled from Asian house shrews in China. Notably, WESV is a highly divergent member of the alphacoronaviruses and possesses an S gene that is genetically distinct from that of all known coronaviruses. In addition, the genome of WESV contains a distinct NS7 gene that exhibits no sequence similarity to any known viruses. Together, these data suggest that shrews are important and long-standing hosts for coronaviruses that merit additional research and surveillance.

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Isolation and characterization of a novel arenavirus harbored by Rodents and Shrews in Zhejiang province, China

Cited by 67 publications

References 21 publications

Forecasting potential emergence of zoonotic diseases in South‐East Asia: network analysis identifies key rodent hosts

Forecasting potential emergence of zoonotic diseases in South‐East Asia: network analysis identifies key rodent hosts

Reverse microbial etiology: A research field for predicting and preventing emerging infectious diseases caused by an unknown microorganism

Discovery of a Highly Divergent Coronavirus in the Asian House Shrew from China Illuminates the Origin of the Alphacoronaviruses

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