Isolation and Characterization of Adenovirus 5 from the Brain of an Infant with Fatal Cerebral Edema

Chatterjee, Nando K.; Samsonoff, William A.; Balasubramaniam, Nandha Kumar; Rush-Wilson, Kimberly; Spargo, William; Church, Theresa M.

doi:10.1086/314041

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A 20.4 K gene product is homologue to the pVII, and a predicted product of 7.9 K represents the pX protein of HAdV-A31. All three proteins are described as being core proteins and are associated with the virus DNA [48]. The sequence generated for pX protein of HAdV-A31 was highly divergent from the HAdV-A31 pX sequence previously available in GenBank [GenBank: U14653] (nucleic acid sequence homology 70.4%, amino acid 53.4%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique sequence features of the Human Adenovirus 31 complete genomic sequence are conserved in clinical isolates

et al. 2009

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BackgroundHuman adenoviruses (HAdV) are causing a broad spectrum of diseases. One of the most severe forms of adenovirus infection is a disseminated disease resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Several reports in recent years have identified HAdV-31 from species A (HAdV-A31) as a cause of disseminated disease in children following haematopoetic stem cell transplantation (hSCT) and liver transplantation. We sequenced and analyzed the complete genome of the HAdV-A31 prototype strain to uncover unique sequence motifs associated with its high virulence. Moreover, we sequenced coding regions known to be essential for tropism and virulence (early transcription units E1A, E3, E4, the fiber knob and the penton base) of HAdV-A31 clinical isolates from patients with disseminated disease.ResultsThe genome size of HAdV-A31 is 33763 base pairs (bp) in length with a GC content of 46.36%. Nucleotide alignment to the closely related HAdV-A12 revealed an overall homology of 84.2%. The genome organization into early, intermediate and late regions is similar to HAdV-A12. Sequence analysis of the prototype strain showed unique sequence features such as an immunoglobulin-like domain in the species A specific gene product E3 CR1 beta and a potentially integrin binding RGD motif in the C-terminal region of the protein IX. These features were conserved in all analyzed clinical isolates. Overall, amino acid sequences of clinical isolates were highly conserved compared to the prototype (99.2 to 100%), but a synonymous/non synonymous ratio (S/N) of 2.36 in E3 CR1 beta suggested positive selection.ConclusionUnique sequence features of HAdV-A31 may enhance its ability to escape the host's immune surveillance and may facilitate a promiscuous tropism for various tissues. Moderate evolution of clinical isolates did not indicate the emergence of new HAdV-A31 subtypes in the recent years.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique sequence features of the Human Adenovirus 31 complete genomic sequence are conserved in clinical isolates

et al. 2009

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“…Although adenovirus types 5 and 21 are associated with novel strains [49], epidemics [33,34,50,51], severe disease [52], and death [53], these observations have been relatively rare. Our data revealed that, of the 13 patients with adenovirus infection who died, 1 had been be associated with more frequent or more severe disease, as well as the unexpected lack of such associations with adenovirus type 7, merit further molecular investigation to determine whether there are viral predictors of disease severity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype Prevalence and Risk Factors for Severe Clinical Adenovirus Infection, United States 2004-2006

Gray¹,

McCarthy²,

Lebeck³

et al. 2007

Clinical Infectious Diseases

203

205

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Background.Recently, epidemiological and clinical data have revealed important changes with regard to clinical adenovirus infection, including alterations in antigenic presentation, geographical distribution, and virulence of the virus.Methods. In an effort to better understand the epidemiology of clinical adenovirus infection in the United States, we adopted a new molecular adenovirus typing technique to study clinical adenovirus isolates collected from 22 medical facilities over a 25-month period during [2004][2005][2006]. A hexon gene sequence typing method was used to characterize 2237 clinical adenovirus-positive specimens, comparing their sequences with those of the 51 currently recognized prototype human adenovirus strains. In a blinded comparison, this method performed well and was much faster than the classic serologic typing method.Results. Among civilians, the most prevalent adenovirus types were types 3 (prevalence, 34.6%), 2 (24.3%), 1 (17.7%), and 5 (5.3%). Among military trainees, the most prevalent types were types 4 (prevalence, 92.8%), 3 (2.6%), and 21 (2.4%).Conclusions. For both populations, we observed a statistically significant increasing trend of adenovirus type 21 detection over time. Among adenovirus isolates recovered from specimens from civilians, 50% were associated with hospitalization, 19.6% with a chronic disease condition, 11% with a bone marrow or solid organ transplantation, 7.4% with intensive care unit stay, and 4.2% with a cancer diagnosis. Multivariable risk factor modeling for adenovirus disease severity found that age !7 years (odds ratio [OR], 3.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-7.4), chronic disease (OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 2.6-5.1), recent transplantation (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3-5.2), and adenovirus type 5 (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.5-4.7) or type 21 infection (OR, 7.6; 95% CI, 2.6-22.3) increased the risk of severe disease.

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“…To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports on the systematic investigation of the entire spectrum of AdVs in the brain covering both malignant and nonmalignant tissue. Although brain tissue tropism has been previously described for murine AdV type 1 in a mouse model (22), only a small number of case reports describing the occurrence of AdV in the human brain have been published to date (5,14). The screening data presented in this study provide new insights into AdV infection of cerebral tissue and the brain as a potential sanctuary for virus persistence and raise questions about the possible involvement of these viruses in the pathogenesis of brain tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Adenovirus Occurrence in Pediatric Tumor Entities

Kosulin

Haberler

Hainfellner

et al. 2007

J Virol

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Isolation and Characterization of Adenovirus 5 from the Brain of an Infant with Fatal Cerebral Edema

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Unique sequence features of the Human Adenovirus 31 complete genomic sequence are conserved in clinical isolates

Unique sequence features of the Human Adenovirus 31 complete genomic sequence are conserved in clinical isolates

Genotype Prevalence and Risk Factors for Severe Clinical Adenovirus Infection, United States 2004-2006

Investigation of Adenovirus Occurrence in Pediatric Tumor Entities

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