Isolation and Characterization of Arabinoxylan from Oat Spelts

Saake, Bodo; Erasmy, Nicole; Kruse, Th; Schmekal, E.; Puls, Jürgen

doi:10.1021/bk-2004-0864.ch004

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…These two hemicelluloses have similar molecular weights (30,000 to 60,000 g/mol), and both have a low substitution degree, but their monosaccharide compositions are different (Willför et al 2003;Saake et al 2004;Xu et al 2007). OsAX can be extracted from oat spelt, the major byproduct in oat milling, which contains approximately 35 to 40% arabinoxylan (Saake et al 2004). OsAX has a (1→4)-linked β-D-xylopyranosyl (Xylp) backbone to which a few α-L-arbinofuranosyl (Araf) groups are connected by (1→3)-glycosidic linkages at irregular intervals (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OsAX also contains low amounts of α-4-O-methylglucopyranosyluronic acid (MeGlcA). OsAX has low arabinose-to-xylose ratio (Ara:Xyl), which varies, according to the literature, between 1:10 and 1:6 (Saake et al 2004;Mikkonen et al 2009). GGM consists of a backbone in which (1→4)-linked β-D-glucopyranosyl (Glcp) and β-D-mannopyranosyl (Manp) residues alternate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Physical Stability of Plasticized Hemicellulose Films

Heikkinen¹,

Mikkonen²,

Koivisto³

et al. 2013

BioResources

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aOat spelt arabinoxylan (OsAX) and spruce galactoglucomannan (GGM) are hemicelluloses that can be extracted in large quantities from sidestreams of the agriculture and forest industries. They both form selfstanding films, making them potential future packaging materials. This systematic study focuses on the effect of long-term storage on the physical stability of hemicellulose-based films. OsAX and GGM films were plasticized with 40% (w/w of the polysaccharide) of glycerol, sorbitol, or their blends, and their stability was followed for four months. Ageing especially affected the glycerol-containing films, in which the tensile strength and Young's modulus increased and elongation at break decreased. Although the mechanical properties were altered, storage did not affect crystallinity of the films. Oxygen gas permeability (OP) and water vapor permeability (WVP) properties were monitored in OsAX films. Interestingly WVP decreased during storage; more than a 40% decrease was seen when plasticizer blends contained 50% or more glycerol. In contrast, there were no drastic changes in the OP during storage; all the OPs obtained were between 3.7 and 8.9 [cm 3 µm/ (m 2 d kPa)].

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Physical Stability of Plasticized Hemicellulose Films

Heikkinen¹,

Mikkonen²,

Koivisto³

et al. 2013

BioResources

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“…Xylan is a prominent heteropolysaccharide of plants that has recently experienced renewed industrial interest as a bioresource with potential for exploitation (Söderquist-Lindblad and Albertsson 1998; Spiridon and Popa 1998;Glasser et al 2000;Buchanan et al 2002Buchanan et al , 2004Gatenholm and Tenkanen 2004;Puls and Saake 2004;Saake et al 2004). Since plant heteropolysaccharides, or ''hemicelluloses'' as they were termed at the turn of the last century in the mistaken belief that they were somehow unfinished cellulose (Thompson 2003), are generally intimately associated on all levels with lignin, on the molecular, the morphological and the anatomical level (Salmen and Olsson 1998); hemicellulose isolation and purification have proved to be difficult (Glasser et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of lignin on the self-assembly behaviour of xylan rich fractions from birch (Betula pendula)

et al. 2007

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A crude xylan isolate obtained by prehydrolysis and mild alkaline extraction from birch wood chips (Betula pendula), and a carefully delignified xylan fraction from the same source, were examined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) with regard to their propensity to self-assemble in water into insoluble aggregates. The delignification involved the extraction with chloroform of a crude xylan solution in a pyridine/acetic acid/water mixture. It resulted in a purified xylan fraction in a yield of 23% in which 75 and 90% of the lignin had been removed as indicated by Klason and UV-determination, respectively. It was found that both xylan fractions formed agglomerates by self-assembly in water. However, DLS and cryo-TEM indicated that the aggregates were larger in size (90 vs. 40 nm) and greater in mass when more lignin was present. The addition of an alkaline solution of isolated lignin (obtained by steam explosion) to increasing concentrations of a delignified xylan revealed increasing turbidity. Our conclusion is that lignin induces agglomeration of xylan in aqueous solutions, but xylan concentration plays an active role in the aggregation phenomena. An agglomeration mechanism for lignin rich xylan fractions is proposed.

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“…Oat spelt xylan was isolated by alkaline extraction of oat spelts according to Saake et al [26]. The oat spelts were incubated with 5% sodium hydroxide at a consistency of 10 tons, at 90°C for 60 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%