The TPR (tetratricopeptide repeat) family became widespread during evolution, having been found from bacteria to mammals. By means of restriction enzymemediated integration, we have identified a Dictyostelium gene (trfA) highly homologous to a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding a TPR protein, Ssn6 (Cyc8), which functions as a global transcriptional repressor for diverse genes. The deduced amino acid sequence of the Dictyostelium gene product, TRFA, contains 10 consecutive TPR units as well as Gln repeats, Asn repeats, and a region rich in Glu, Lys, Ser, and Thr. The sequences of some of the 10 TPR units in TRFA are more than 70% identical to the corresponding units in Ssn6.The trfA ؊ cells produced smooth plaques on a bacterial lawn and failed to aggregate normally when starved on a plain agar plate. Individual trfA ؊ cells also failed to correctly respond to cAMP, although the adenylyl cyclase of trfA ؊ cells was expressed upon starvation and activated by stimulation with cAMP as in the wild-type cells. When cultured in a rich medium in suspension, they grew more slowly and stopped growing at a lower density than the wild-type cells. Furthermore, they divided into cells of various sizes and tended to be much smaller than the wild-type cells. These pleiotropic defects of the trfA ؊ cells suggest the possibility that Dictyostelium TRFA may regulate the transcription of diverse genes required for normal growth and early development.