Isolation and characterization of jackfruit mucilage and its comparative evaluation as a mucoadhesive and controlled release component in buccal tablets

Abstract

Background:The purpose of the present research work was to extract jackfruit mucilage, use it as a mucoadhesive agent, and to develop extended release buccoadhesive tablets with an intention to avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism, by enhancing residence time in the buccal cavity.Materials and Methods:The mucilage was isolated from the jackfruit pulp by the aqueous extraction method and characterized for various physiochemical parameters as well as for its adhesive properties. Three batches of tablets were prepared (wet granulation method) and evaluated containing three mucoadhesive components: Methocel K4M, Carbopol 974P, and isolated jackfruit mucilage using chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) as a model drug and changing the proportion of the mucoadhesive component (1:2:3), resulting in nine different formulations.Results:The results of the study indicate that the isolated mucilage had good physicochemical and morphological characteristics, granules and tablets conformed to the Pharmacopoeial specifications, and in vitro release studies showed the sustained action of drug with increasing concentration of the isolated natural mucoadhesive agent in the formulations. Permeability studies indicated that changing the mucoadhesive component, permeability behavior was not statistically different (P > 0.05). FTIR and UV spectroscopy studies between mucilage and CPM suggested the absence of a chemical interaction between CPM and jackfruit mucilage.Conclusion:The developed mucoadhesive tablets for buccal administration containing natural mucilage (MF3) have a potential for the sustained action of drug release. Thus, mucoadhesive tablets for controlled release were successfully developed using natural jackfruit mucilage.

Screening of polysaccharides from tamarind, fenugreek and jackfruit seeds as pharmaceutical excipients

“…However the amylase content of JFSS (∼24-32%) is comparable with potato starch. It is already established as tablet binder, suspending agent and emulsifier [33]. Moreover, JFSS was already investigated as mucoadhesive agents in the development of controlled release drug delivery [33][34][35].…”

Characterization and in‐vitro analysis of poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐“Jackfruit” Mucilage blends for tissue engineering applications

“…JM has been reported to contain polysaccharides, lignins, and isoflavones in different amounts, which possess properties, such as anti‐cancer, anti‐oxidant, and anti‐ulcer. [ 14‐15 ] Polysaccharides provide a positive environment for cell growth whereas lignins affect cell viability through a reduction in cell proliferation, rather than by inducing cytotoxic death, especially at high concentrations and long treatment times. [ 44 ] Isoflavones have been reported to strongly inhibit the cell growth of stomach cancer cell lines in vitro.…”

“…Their health benefits are wide ranging from anticancer to antihypertensive, antiaging, antioxidant, and anti‐ulcer. [ 14, 15 ] The potential use of jackfruit mucilage has been explored in pharmaceutical applications as tablet binders, excipients, and in drug delivery as it has a good swelling index of 12.66 and a good water uptake capacity. [ 9, 16 ] Even though there are studies that have reported the use of plant‐based gums blended with PCL [ 11, 17‐21 ] as a potential to be used as biomedical applications, from our literature survey it was found that there is no reported work on blends of jackfruit mucilage with polymers targeted toward tissue engineering.…”

Medicinal plants contain mucilage used in traditional Persian medicine (TPM)

“…Mucilages are physiological products and form slimy masses (Jani et al, 2009). Structurally, the extrusion of mucilage subsequent to exposure of dry seed to an aqueous environment is the result of the hydration and expansion of the mucilage, the rupture of the radial fragment of the primary cell wall, and the subsequent formation of a gel (Sabale et al, 2012;Teixeira et al, 2010); the same definition is ''loab'' in traditional medicine. Some of these ''loab plants'' such as Ispaghula (Plantago ovate Forsk), Quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) seed, and marshmallow (Althaea officinalis Linn) had been used most of the time in traditional manuscript and ancient Persian scholars administered them via simple or in compound with other plants for treatment of a variety of diseases, so in this study, a more extensive discussion of these plants is explained.…”

“…In current medicine, mucilage as a production of many various plant species (Deng et al, 2012), regularly used adjuvant in pharmaceutical preparations (Sabale et al, 2012) and contains sugar and uronic acid units (Sabale et al, 2012). Plant mucilages have evoked much interest due to their various applications in pharmacy.…”