Isolation and Identification of Compounds Responsible for Antioxidant Capacity of Euryale ferox Seeds

Abstract

Euryale ferox seed is consumed medicinally or for food in China. The present study revealed it to contain significant antioxidant activity, which may be associated with its medical applications as a proteinuria inhibitor of diabetic nephropathy. This study resulted in the identification of 3 new sesquineolignans, named euryalins A-C (1-3), and 16 known compounds, which were all first isolated from this plant apart from 5,7,4-trihydroxy-flavanone. The antioxidant potential of the partial isolates was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay and mesangial cellular assay. Compounds 2, rel-(2α,3β)-7-O-methylcedrusin (4), syringylglycerol-8-O-4-(sinapyl alcohol) ether (5), and (+)-syringaresinol (7) were found to be most active on DPPH assay, whereas compounds 2, 4, 7, (1R,2R,5R,6S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, and buddlenol E could significantly inhibit high glucose-stimulated reactive oxygen species production in mesangial cells. The results suggested that E. ferox seed could be considered as an excellent source of natural antioxidants and is useful in the prevention of diabetic nephropathy.

Regulation of podocalyxin expression in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with Chinese herbs (Yishen capsule)

“…Other herbs in the formulation include euryale ferox, alisma orientale and rhodiola rosea. Both euryale ferox and alisma orientale have anti-oxidative activity [15,16] while a component of rhodiola rosea (salidroside) could inhibit inflammatory cytokines production such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 [17]. Therefore, Yishen capsule has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory function.…”

“…In addition astragalus membranaceus has been shown to improve patients’ proteinuria with idiopathic membranous nephropathy [13,14]. Euryale ferox and alisma orientale also have antioxidative activity [15,16]. Salidroside from rhodiola rosea has anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 [17].…”

In vitro Antioxidant Properties of E uryale ferox Seed Shell Extracts and their Preservation Effects on Pork Sausages

“…In the present study, high contents of gallic acid were detected in the three EFSS extracts; however, rutin, another major component in the EFSS extracts, was not mentioned in the report of Song et al . (). Based on these results, I concluded that rutin is present in seed shells but not in seed kernels.…”

“…However, Song et al . () isolated and identified 19 compounds, including gallic acid and its derivatives, in E . ferox seed kernels, and all the identified molecules contained a phenolic hydroxyl group.…”

Inhibitory Effect of Eucommia Bark on Tumour Formation in a Mouse Model of Two-Stage Skin Carcinogenesis

“…. Furthermore, syringaresinol and its glucosides showed strong α,α-dipenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity 13,14) . Free radicals are directly implicated in the development of cancer by their ability to damage the DNA in a cell's nucleus and weaken the immune system, which normally destroys cancer cells or prevents them from reproducing.…”