Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci from Horses, Personnel and Environmental Sites at an Equine Hospital in Turkey

Aslantaş, Özkan; Türkyılmaz, Süheyla; Yılmaz, Mesude; Erdem, Zeynep; Demir, Cemil

doi:10.1292/jvms.12-0124

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Thus the lack of literature addressing resistant Staphylococcus species in horses makes comparisons between the findings of this study and others difficult. Suffice it to say that although the overall proportions of AMR isolates in this study were high, MRSA levels were much lower (15.6%) than the percentage of MRSA (48%) found in a similar study done in Turkey [ 25 ]. A Belgian study, by Van den Eede et al, that assessed occurrence of MRSA in equine nasal samples found similar MRSA levels (10.9%) to those found in our study [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

An epidemiologic study of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus species isolated from equine samples submitted to a diagnostic laboratory

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance limits traditional treatment options and increases costs. It is therefore important to estimate the magnitude of the problem so as to provide empirical data to guide control efforts. The aim of this study was to investigate the burden and patterns of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among equine Staphylococcus samples submitted to the University of Kentucky Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (UKVDL) from 1993 to 2009. Retrospective data of 1711 equine Staphylococcus samples submitted to the UKVDL during the time period 1993 to 2009 were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, that included 16 drugs, were performed using cultures followed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test. The proportion of resistant isolates by animal breed, species of organism, sample source, and time period were computed. Chi-square and Cochran-Armitage trend tests were used to identify significant associations and temporal trends, respectively. Logistic regression models were used to investigate predictors of AMR and multidrug resistance (MDR).ResultsA total of 66.3% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, most of which were Staphylococcus aureus (77.1%), while 25.0% were MDR. The highest level of resistance was to penicillins (52.9%). Among drug classes, isolates had the highest rate of AMR to at least one type of β-lactams (49.2%), followed by aminoglycosides (30.2%). Significant (p < 0.05) associations were observed between odds of AMR and horse breed, species of organism and year. Similarly, significant (p < 0.05) associations were identified between odds of MDR and breed and age. While some isolates had resistance to up to 12 antimicrobials, AMR profiles featuring single antimicrobials such as penicillin were more common than those with multiple antimicrobials.ConclusionDemographic factors were significant predictors of AMR and MDR. The fact that some isolates had resistance to up to 12 of the 16 antimicrobials assessed is quite concerning. To address the high levels of AMR and MDR observed in this study, future studies will need to focus on antimicrobial prescription practices and education of both practitioners and animal owners on judicious use of antimicrobials to slow down the development of resistance.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

An epidemiologic study of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus species isolated from equine samples submitted to a diagnostic laboratory

et al. 2018

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“…The recurrent manifestation of skin lesions monitored in the present case, initially suggested a permanent colonization of the horse with S. sciuri. In contrast to several reports pointing to nasal colonization of horses with S. sciuri, so far no data on permanent skin colonization has been reported for horses (Bagcigil et al, 2007;Aslantas et al, 2012;Karakulska et al, 2012). The lack of S. sciuri in cultures of nasal swabs in this case may point to the occurrence of a single colonization event or may suggest repeated episodes of temporary colonization.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…The lack of S. sciuri in cultures of nasal swabs in this case may point to the occurrence of a single colonization event or may suggest repeated episodes of temporary colonization. Interestingly, a transmission in between healthy domestic animals colonized with S. sciuri was repeatedly observed (Moodley and Guardabassi, 2009;Aslantas et al, 2012). This transmission may be promoted by insects serving as transmission vectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Isolation of <i>Staphylococcus sciuri</i> from horse skin infection

et al. 2017

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Staphylococcus sciuri is known as an opportunistic pathogen colonizing domesticated animals and has also been associated with wound infections in humans. Particularly over the last decade, oxacillin (methicillin) resistant strains had been emerged, which now increase the medical relevance of this species. This report describes the identification of an oxacillin-resistant S. sciuri isolate from a wound infection of a horse. We determined the absence of coagulase and hyaluronidase activity and analysed the antibiotic resistance profile.

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“…Studies investigating the presence of Escherichia coli (115 studies), Salmonella spp (54 studies), and Enterococcus spp (43 studies) comprised the bulk of the literature. However, analysis of staphylococcal carriage involving free-ranging animals are scarce as the majority of studies conducted have focused on captive animals which have had regular contact with humans ( 31 – 33 ). However, in recent years, a trend of sampling free-ranging animals for the purpose of determining the prevalence of MRS has emerged ( 7 , 34 , 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin resistance gene diversity in staphylococci isolated from captive and free-ranging wallabies

Chen

Boardman

Brown

2016

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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BackgroundInfection with methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) can be life-threatening in humans and its presence in animals is a cause for public health concern. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of MRS in captive and free-ranging wallabies over a 16-month period in South Australia, Australia.Materials and methodsEighty-nine purified staphylococcal isolates recovered from 98 captive and free-ranging wallabies' anterior nasal swabs were used in this study. All isolates were tested for the presence of the mecA, mecA1, and mecC genes. Multiplex PCR-directed SCCmec-typing, ccrB-typing, and determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of oxacillin were performed on mec-positive isolates.Results and discussionIn total, 11 non-Staphylococcus aureus MRS were isolated from 7 out of 98 animals, corresponding to a 7.1% carriage rate. The SCCmec types I, III, and V were identified by multiplex PCR and sequencing of the ccrB gene. This is the first report of MRS carriage in both captive and free-ranging wallabies in Australia. These data demonstrate a low prevalence of MRS and no association between wallaby captivity status and MRS carriage could be assigned. These animals may act as a reservoir for the exchange of genetic elements between staphylococci. Furthermore, the mecA genes of animal isolates were identical to that found in human MRS strains and thus the possibility of zoonotic transfer must be considered.

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Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci from Horses, Personnel and Environmental Sites at an Equine Hospital in Turkey

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

An epidemiologic study of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus species isolated from equine samples submitted to a diagnostic laboratory

An epidemiologic study of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus species isolated from equine samples submitted to a diagnostic laboratory

Isolation of <i>Staphylococcus sciuri</i> from horse skin infection

Methicillin resistance gene diversity in staphylococci isolated from captive and free-ranging wallabies

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