Isolation and partial characterization of a novel porcine astrovirus

Indik, Stanislav; Valíček, L.; Smíd, B; Dvořáková, Hana; Rodák, L.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.06.020

Cited by 44 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…6, dark blue). PAstVs are widely distributed, and they have been isolated from feces of both diarrheic and healthy pigs in many different parts of the world (187,(189)(190)(191). Recently, viremia in healthy pigs infected with lineages 2 and 4 has also been documented, with a viral RNA prevalence in serum of 3.89% (184).…”

Section: Nonhuman Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Astroviruses

2014

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SUMMARY Human astroviruses (HAtVs) are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that were discovered in 1975. Astroviruses infecting other species, particularly mammalian and avian, were identified and classified into the genera Mamastrovirus and Avastrovirus . Through next-generation sequencing, many new astroviruses infecting different species, including humans, have been described, and the Astroviridae family shows a high diversity and zoonotic potential. Three divergent groups of HAstVs are recognized: the classic ( MAstV 1 ), HAstV-MLB ( MAstV 6 ), and HAstV-VA/HMO ( MAstV 8 and MAstV 9 ) groups. Classic HAstVs contain 8 serotypes and account for 2 to 9% of all acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Infections are usually self-limiting but can also spread systemically and cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients. The other groups have also been identified in children with gastroenteritis, but extraintestinal pathologies have been suggested for them as well. Classic HAstVs may be grown in cells, allowing the study of their cell cycle, which is similar to that of caliciviruses. The continuous emergence of new astroviruses with a potential zoonotic transmission highlights the need to gain insights on their biology in order to prevent future health threats. This review focuses on the basic virology, pathogenesis, host response, epidemiology, diagnostic assays, and prevention strategies for HAstVs.

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Section: Nonhuman Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Astroviruses

2014

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“…1,4,5,11,18 The family Astroviridae consists of 2 genera, Avastrovirus and Mamastrovirus, based on the host range of avian and mammalian species, respectively. Astroviruses are small, nonenveloped viruses containing a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA of 6.4-7.3 kb in size.…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection and molecular characterization of Porcine astrovirus strains associated with swine diarrhea

et al. 2012

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Astrovirus has been reported to be associated with diarrhea in pigs. The current study was conducted for the detection and molecular characterization of astroviruses in diarrheic pigs submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota. Intestinal contents from 269 pigs were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and 62% were found positive for astroviruses. Of the positive samples, 20% were positive for astrovirus alone while astrovirus with rotavirus was detected in 58% of the samples. The remaining 22% revealed the presence of astrovirus along with Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus, Transmissible gastroenteritis virus, or Porcine circovirus-2. Sequencing the capsid gene of 56 randomly selected samples confirmed them to be Porcine astrovirus type 4 (PAstV-4) with 58-100% nucleotide identity within these viruses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 2 possible subgroups. The results indicate that PAstV is present on swine farms in the United States and that it may be associated with diarrhea either alone or in combination with other enteric viruses. Further studies are needed to determine strain diversity among porcine astroviruses so that appropriate control strategies can be devised and implemented.

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“…Astroviruses (classified as genus Mamastrovirus) have now been identified in several mammalian species, for example cat, swine, sheep, mink, cheetah, sea lion, bottlenose dolphin, dog and bat. Other astroviruses (classified as genus Aviastrovirus) have been identified in avian species such as duck, chicken and turkey (Atkins et al, 2009;Indik et al, 2006;Lukashov & Goudsmit, 2002;Mittelholzer et al, 2003;Rivera et al, 2010;Strain et al, 2008;Toffan et al, 2009;Zhu et al, 2009). …”

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confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of deer astroviruses

Smits¹,

Leeuwen²,

Kuiken³

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

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The threat of emerging infectious viruses in humans requires a more effective approach regarding virus surveillance. A thorough understanding of virus diversity in wildlife provides epidemiological baseline information about pathogens and may lead to the identification of newly emerging pathogens in the future. In this study, diarrhoea samples from an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness in a Danish population of European roe deer were gathered for which no aetiological agent could be identified. Large-scale molecular RNA virus screening, based on host nucleic acid depletion, sequence-independent amplification and sequencing of partially purified viral RNA, revealed the presence of novel astroviruses, CcAstV-1 and CcAstV-2, in two of ten diarrhoea samples. Whether these viruses were responsible for causing diarrhoea remains to be determined. Phylogenetic analyses on amplified sequences showed that these viruses were most closely related to each other, were a novel species in the genus Mamastrovirus and may represent two different serotypes.

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Isolation and partial characterization of a novel porcine astrovirus

Cited by 44 publications

References 23 publications

Human Astroviruses

Human Astroviruses

Detection and molecular characterization of Porcine astrovirus strains associated with swine diarrhea

Identification and characterization of deer astroviruses

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