Isolation and structure elucidation of some components in technical grade chlordane

Enantioselective Fate of Chiral Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Their Metabolites in Environmental Samples

“…Some of the chlordanerelated compounds that have also been studied to some extent are the Miyazaki components MC5, MC6, MC7, MC8 (170), and the "U-numbers" (171) (e.g., U82). These components have been studied to some extent in environmental samples.…”

Evaluación Preliminar De La Presencia De Pesticidas Organoclorados en Pescados De La Presa Vicente Guerrero (Tamaulip As, México) Preliminary Evaluation of the Presence of Organochlorine Pesticides in Fish of Vicente Guerrero Dam (Tamaulip As, Mexico)

“…En la Presa Vicente Guerrero el heptacloro sólo se detectó en carpa, con valores de 14,48 a 18,49 ng/g, ligeramente superiores a los publicados por Sapozhnikova et al (2004) quienes encontraron valores de 2,5 a 6,7 ng/ g. Como se puede observar en la Tabla 2, los valores de la suma de clordanos en carpa fueron relativamente bajos comparados con las otras tres especies de pescado, los especímenes de carpa que se analizaron tenían mayor tamaño y peso que los especímenes de las otras especies y existe la posibilidad de que los residuos de clordano detectados provengan de la aplicación de clordano grado técnico, el cual consiste en una mezcla de más de 140 compuestos (Dearth y Hites 1991;Miyazaki et al, 1985) y éste se haya metabolizado a heptacloro (Falandysz et al,1998).…”

Chlordane as undesirable substance in animal feed - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain

“…Minor constituents of technical chlordane are compounds having 10 -12 chlorines produced by the condensation of three cyclopentadiene molecules representing approximately 0.01 -0.03 % of the technical mixture, but highly accumulating in the environment (Dearth and Hites, 1990). Miyazaki et al (1985) found MC5 to be 2.3 % of the technical mixture, MC6 to be 0.8 % and MC7 to be 1.9 %. Additionally, unreacted chlordene is a minor component of technical chlordane, but caged hexachloro compounds resulting from Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement of chlordene exist, often named α-, β-, and γ-chlordene, compounds that have been detected in environmental samples (Dearth and Hites, 1991a;Simpson et al, 1996).…”

“…According to Brooks (1974, as cited in Montgomery, 1997) the less refined technical chlordane has the approximate composition: trans-chlordane (24 %), four chlordene isomers (21.5 %), cis-chlordane (19 %), heptachlor (10j%), nonachlor (7 %), pentachlorocyclopentadiene (C 5 HCl 5 ) (2 %), hexachlorocyclopentadiene (C 5 Cl 6 ) (>1 %), octachlorocyclopentaene (C 5 Cl 8 ) (1 %), C 10 H 7-8 Cl 6-7 (8.5 %) and other unidentified compounds (6 %). The compounds identified by Miyazaki et al (1985) are assigned with "MC" (Miyazaki compound) as prefix combined with a number referring to the elution order, while those listed as unknown by Dearth and Hites (1991a) are designated by an "U" in front of a number, the first digit of which informs on the number of chlorine atoms and the second one represents the elution order. MC5 has been found to be 6.1 % of technical chlordane while U82 (C 10 H 6 Cl 8 ) and MC7 (C 10 H 6 Cl 8 ) were each found to represent 2.2 % of the mixture (Hoekstra et al, 2003).…”

“…Oxychlordane is very persistent and is depicted in Figure 4. (Miyazaki et al, 1985) and the number refers to elution order. The designation "U" in front of a number refers to "unknown" and the first digit informs on the number of chlorine atoms and the second one represents the elution order (Dearth and Hites, 1991a).…”