Isolation of a ?-1,3-glucan (laricinan) from compression wood of Larix laricina

Hoffmann, Germar; Timell, T. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00365301

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Present to an extent of about 2%, this type of alkali-soluble glucan may well occur in the wood of other conifers (47). Furthermore, fractions of (l->3)-linked/?-Dglucan of differing solubilities have been extracted from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum; Malvaceae; Malvales) fibers (47a).…”

Section: Callose: (1-3)-)and-d-glucanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Other Plant Polysaccharides

Stephen¹

1983

The Polysaccharides

146

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Section: Callose: (1-3)-)and-d-glucanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Other Plant Polysaccharides

Stephen¹

1983

The Polysaccharides

146

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“…Small amounts of (1 ? 3)-b-glucan (callose or laricinan) (up to 3 %) have been found in compression wood, but not in normal wood (Hoffman and Timell 1970;Altaner et al 2010). Little is known about the composition of gymnosperm flexure wood, although the flexure wood of P. taeda has been reported to have the same Klason lignin and holocellulose content as normal wood (Telewski and Jaffe 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cellulose microfibril angles and cell-wall polymers in different wood types of Pinus radiata

et al. 2012

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Four corewood types were examined from sapling trees of two clones of Pinus radiata grown in a glasshouse. Trees were grown either straight to produce normal corewood, tilted at 45°from the vertical to produce opposite corewood and compression corewood, or rocked to produce flexure corewood. Mean cellulose microfibril angle of tracheid walls was estimated by X-ray diffraction and longitudinal swelling measured between an oven dry and moisture saturated state. Lignin and acetyl contents of the woods were measured and the monosaccharide compositions of the cell-wall polysaccharides determined. Finely milled wood was analysed using solution-state 2D NMR spectroscopy of gels from finely milled wood in DMSO-d 6 /pyridine-d 5 . Although there was no significant difference in cellulose microfibril angle among the corewood types, compression corewood had the highest longitudinal swelling. A lignin content[32 % and a galactosyl residue content[6 % clearly divided severe compression corewood from the other corewood types. Relationships could be drawn between lignin content and longitudinal swelling, and between galactosyl residue content and longitudinal swelling. The 2D NMR spectra showed that the presence of H-units in lignin was exclusive to compression corewood, which also had a higher (1 ? 4)-b-D-galactan content, defining a unique composition for that corewood type.

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“…Hoffmann and Timell (1970b) give a survey of a number of publications concerning glucans of this type in bacteria, algae, and fungi. Hoffmann and Timell (1970b) give a survey of a number of publications concerning glucans of this type in bacteria, algae, and fungi.…”

Section: Glucansmentioning

confidence: 99%

5. Polyoses (Hemicelluloses)

1983

Wood

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In addition to cellulose a number of various polysaccharides called polyoses or hemicelluloses are present in wood as well as in other plant tissues. The name hemicelluloses can be traced back to E. Schulze (1891), and it is based on the assumption that these polysaccharides are precursors of cellulose. Though in the scientific sector the term hemicelluloses is well defined, in the technical sector misunderstandings still exist. Thus the extractives in the alkalizing liquor from chemical grade pulp consisting of polyoses and short-chain cellulose are called hemicelluloses, or the term "hemicelluloses" is explained as "low molecular cellulose" (Bauer 1970). To avoid ambiguity in this book the non-cellulosic polysaccharides are called polyoses. This term ("Holzpolyosen") was first used by Staudinger and Reinecke (1939). (Fig. 5-1). The main chain of a polyose can consist of only one unit (homopolymer), e.g. xylans, or of two or more units (heteropolymer), e.g. glucomannans. Some of the units are HO HO, The polyoses differ from cellulose by a composition of various sugar units, by much shorter molecular chains, and by a branching of the chain molecules. The sugar units (anhydro-sugars) making up the polyoses can be subdivided into groups such as pentoses, hexoses, hexuronic acids and deoxy-hexoses Penhises | HexosesHexuronic acids Deoxy-hexoses 0 K OH CH 2 0H C00H HO. J-0 HO J 0 108 Polyoses (Hemicelluloses) useful for many years. In this system the polyoses are classified as xylans, mannans, galactans etc.A general classification comprising all plant carbohydrates was presented by Aspinall (1973). His system consists of the following groups: -cellulose; -hemicelluloses: xylans, glucomannans; -pectic substances: galacturonans, arabinans, galactans and/or arabinogalactans I (essentially linear chains) -other polysaccharides: arabinogalactans II (highly branched chains), fuco-(or galacto-)xyloglucans; -glycoproteins.Softwoods and hardwoods differ not only in the percentages of total polyoses but also in the percentages of individual polyoses and composition of these polyoses. Regarding the non-glucosic sugar units present in wood it can be noticed that softwoods have a high proportion of mannose units and more galactose units than hardwoods, and hardwoods have a high proportion of xylose units and more acetyl groups than softwoods (Table 5-1). Previous results in the field of polyoses chemistry have been summarized by

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Isolation of a ?-1,3-glucan (laricinan) from compression wood of Larix laricina

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Other Plant Polysaccharides

Other Plant Polysaccharides

Cellulose microfibril angles and cell-wall polymers in different wood types of Pinus radiata

5. Polyoses (Hemicelluloses)

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