Isolation of CHS Gene from Brunfelsia acuminata Flowers and Its Regulation in Anthocyanin Biosysthesis

Li, Min; Cao, Yuting; Ye, Si-Rui; Irshad, Muhammad; Pan, Tengfei; Qiu, Dongliang

doi:10.3390/molecules22010044

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The expression levels of CHS and F3′5′H are both down-regulated in the process of flowering, consistent with protein differential abundance trends (Figure 5, Table 1). This result was supported by our previous work that the striking color change from dark purple to pure white resulted from a decline in anthocyanin content of the petals and was preceded by a decrease in the expression of BaCHS [28]. However, CHI expression differed from them, which has an upward trend in the later stage at day 5.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Proteomics Reveal the Profiles of Color Change in Brunfelsia acuminata Flowers

Sun

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Brunfelsia acuminata is a popular ornamental plant with different colors resulted from the rapid change of color after blooming. The petals at day one (purple), day three (white and purple) and day five (white) were used to analyze the reason of flower color change by a comparative proteomics approach, gas chromatography coupled to a time-of-flight mass analyzer (GC-TOF-MS) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results showed that the 52 identified proteins were classified into eight functional groups, 6% of which were related to the anthocyanin metabolic pathway. The expression levels of all anthocyanin proteins from the first day to fifth day were remarkably down-regulated, which was consistent with the changing patterns of the key genes (CHS, CHI and F3′5′H) in petals. Simultaneously, the main floral volatile components including Linalool and 2-Hexenal (E) were identified, and the contents of 2-Hexenal at day five increased dramatically. Moreover, the content of flavonoids and total phenolic increased at day five. The majority of the proteins associated with stress defense and senescence proteins were up-regulated and the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the petals at day five were significantly higher than others. It was concluded that the competition in the precursors of metabolic pathways occurs and causes the flow of metabolite to the pathways of floral scent and lignin derived from the shikimate pathway or degrade into others. Therefore, the anthocyanin content significantly decreased, and the petal color changed from deep purple to white.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The qRT-PCR analysis in accordance with the method described by Li et al [28] The CHS , CHI , and F3′5′H genes sequences for primer design were obtained from GenBank (Genbank accession number: JN966986, JN887637, JQ678765), respectively. All of the primers used are shown in Table S1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics Reveal the Profiles of Color Change in Brunfelsia acuminata Flowers

Sun

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…For example, in walnut, a large positive relationship was noticed between flavonoid content and CHS expression during rhizogenesis, and weak positive relationships were observed between flavonol or proanthocyanidin content and CHS expression [38]. In Brunfelsia acuminata , the expression of BaCHS was positively correlated with petal anthocyanin contents [39]. In a maize cultivar, ‘SW93′ (purple kernels), two CHSs were upregulated along the kernel as the color deepened and anthocyanins accumulated [40].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Three Chalcone Synthase Genes in Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)

et al. 2019

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Phenolics are a group of important plant secondary metabolites that have been proven to possess remarkable antioxidant activity and to be beneficial for human health. Pecan nuts are an excellent source of dietary phenolics. In recent years, many studies have focused on the separation and biochemical analysis of pecan phenolics, but the molecular mechanisms of phenolic metabolism in pecans have not been fully elucidated, which significantly hinders quality breeding research for this plant. Chalcone synthase (CHS) plays crucial roles in phenolic biosynthesis. In this study, three Carya illinoinensis CHSs (CiCHS1, CiCHS2, and CiCHS3), were isolated and analyzed. CiCHS2 and CiCHS3 present high expression levels in different tissues, and they are also highly expressed at the initial developmental stages of kernels in three pecan genotypes. A correlation analysis was performed between the phenolic content and CHSs expression values during kernel development. The results indicated that the expression variations of CiCHS2 and CiCHS3 are significantly related to changes in total phenolic content. Therefore, CiCHSs play crucial roles in phenolic components synthesis in pecan. We believe that the isolation of CiCHSs is helpful for understanding phenolic metabolism in C. illinoinensis, which will improve quality breeding and resistance breeding studies in this plant.

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“…One of the many ways angiosperm plants attract pollinators is floral color changes [ 2 , 3 ]. Various mechanisms of color change have been reported such as changes in pH [ 4 , 5 ] and losses of pigment [ 6 ]. However, the most common physiological process is the appearance of a pigment especially an anthocyanin [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anthocyanins provide the widest range of colors among the three major classes of flower pigments: anthocyanins, betalains, and carotenoids [ 7 , 8 ]. Many studies have explored the biosynthesis of these pigments [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. In the case of anthocyanin, it is synthesized from phenylalanine, which is an amino acid, via a phenylpropanoid [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change of Petals′ Color and Chemical Components in Oenothera Flowers during Senescence

et al. 2018

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Oenothera flower petals change color during senescence. When in full bloom, the flowers of O. tetraptera are white and those of O. laciniata and O. stricta are yellow. However, the colors change to pink and orange, respectively, when the petals fade. We analyzed the flavonoid components in these petals as a function of senescence using HPLC-DAD and LC-MS. In all three species, cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy3G) was found in faded petals. The content of Cy3G increased in senescence. In full bloom (0 h), no Cy3G was detected in any of the petals. However, after 12 h, the content of Cy3G in O. tetraptera was 0.97 µmol/g fresh weight (FW) and the content of Cy3G in O. laciniata was 1.82 µmol/g FW. Together with anthocyanins, major flavonoid components in petals were identified. Quercitrin was detected in the petals of O. tetraptera and isosalipurposide was found in the petals of O. laciniata and O. stricta. The content of quercitrin did not change during senescence, but the content of isosalipurposide in O. laciniata increased from 3.4 µmol/g FW at 0 h to 4.8 µmol/g FW at 12 h. The color change in all three Oenothera flowers was confirmed to be due to the de novo biosynthesis of Cy3G.

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Isolation of CHS Gene from Brunfelsia acuminata Flowers and Its Regulation in Anthocyanin Biosysthesis

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Proteomics Reveal the Profiles of Color Change in Brunfelsia acuminata Flowers

Proteomics Reveal the Profiles of Color Change in Brunfelsia acuminata Flowers

Isolation and Characterization of Three Chalcone Synthase Genes in Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)

Change of Petals′ Color and Chemical Components in Oenothera Flowers during Senescence

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