Isolation of Leishmania major from Phlebotomus papatasi in Tunisia

Ismail, R. Ben; Gramiccia, Marina; Gradoni, Luigi; Helal, H.; Rachid, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(87)90018-6

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Z oonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tunisia is caused by Leishmania major MON-25 and transmitted by the vector Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli 1786 (Diptera: Psychodidae) (Ben Ismail et al 1987b, 1988. This vector frequently used rodents' burrows for daytime resting and breeding (Helal et al 1987, Esseghir et al 1993.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania Major Infection Among Psammomys Obesus and Meriones Shawi: Reservoirs of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Sidi Bouzid (Central Tunisia)

Ghawar

Toumi

Snoussi

et al. 2011

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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A study was undertaken between November 2008 and March 2010, in the focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis of Central Tunisia, to evaluate the role of Psammomys obesus (n = 472) and Meriones shawi (n = 167) as reservoir hosts for Leishmania major infection. Prevalence of L. major infection was 7% versus 5% for culture ( p = not signifiant [NS]), 19% versus 16% for direct examination of smears ( p = NS), and 20% versus 33% ( p = NS) for Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test among P. obesus and M. shawi, respectively. The peak of this infection was in winter and autumn and increased steadily with age for the both species of rodents. The clinical examination showed that depilation, hyper-pigmentation, ignition, and severe edema of the higher edge of the ears were the most frequent signs observed in the study sample (all signs combined: 47% for P. obesus versus 43% for M. shawi; p = NS). However, the lesions were bilateral and seem to be more destructive among M. shawi compared with P. obesus. Asymptomatic infection was *40% for both rodents. This study demonstrated that M. shawi plays an important role in the transmission and the emergence of Leishmania major cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tunisia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania Major Infection Among Psammomys Obesus and Meriones Shawi: Reservoirs of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Sidi Bouzid (Central Tunisia)

Ghawar

Toumi

Snoussi

et al. 2011

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…Phlebotomus papatasi , vector of Leishmania major , etiologic agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) (Ben Ismail et al 1987) was the most abundant species collected throughout this study. Therefore, Sidi Bouzid is the most endemic governorate for ZCL (Chelbi et al 2007, Chelbi et al 2009) nationwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation in the arid regions of Tunisia impacts the abundance and apparent density of sand fly vectors of Leishmania infantum

et al. 2015

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The distribution expansion of important human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) and sporadic cutaneous leishmaniasis (SCL) vector species, Phlebotomus perfiliewi and P. perniciosus, throughout central Tunisia is a major public health concern. This study was designed to investigate if the expansion of irrigation influences the abundance of sand fly species potentially involved in the transmission of HVL and SCL located in arid bioclimatic regions. Geographic and remote sensing approaches were used to predict the density of visceral leishmaniasis vectors in Tunisia. Entomological investigations were performed in the governorate of Sidi Bouzid, located in the arid bioclimatic region of Tunisia. In 2012, sand flies were collected by CDC light traps located at nine irrigated and nine non-irrigated sites to determine species abundance. Eight species in two genera were collected. Among sand flies of the subgenus Larroussius, P. perfiliewi was the only species collected significantly more in irrigated areas. Trap data were then used to develop Poisson regression models to map the apparent density of important sand fly species as a function of different environmental covariates including climate and vegetation density. The density of P. perfiliewi is predicted to be moderately high in the arid regions. These results highlight that the abundance of P. perfiliewi is associated with the development of irrigated areas and suggests that the expansion of this species will continue to more arid areas of the country as irrigation sites continue to be developed in the region. The continued increase in irrigated areas in the Middle East and North Africa region deserves attention, as it is associated with the spread of L. infantum vector P. perfiliewi. Integrated vector management strategies targeting irrigation structures to reduce sand fly vector populations should be evaluated in light of these findings.

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“…It is endemo-epidemic in extended areas of central and southern Tunisia ( Figure 5). It is caused by L. major and transmitted by the zoo-anthropophilic Phlebotomus papatasi sandfly which is mainly encountered and caught in and around the rodent burrows, and less in and around human habitations (Ben Ismail et al, 1987b, 1987cGhrab et al, 2006;Helal et al, 1987). The reservoirs are rodents of the Psammomys and Meriones genera.…”

Section: The Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (Zcl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Analysis of Leishmaniasis in Central Tunisia: An Update on Emerging Epidemiological Trends

Mili¹,

Saghrouni²,

BenSaid³

et al. 2012

Current Topics in Tropical Medicine

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Isolation of Leishmania major from Phlebotomus papatasi in Tunisia

Cited by 47 publications

References 5 publications

Leishmania Major Infection Among Psammomys Obesus and Meriones Shawi: Reservoirs of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Sidi Bouzid (Central Tunisia)

Leishmania Major Infection Among Psammomys Obesus and Meriones Shawi: Reservoirs of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Sidi Bouzid (Central Tunisia)

Irrigation in the arid regions of Tunisia impacts the abundance and apparent density of sand fly vectors of Leishmania infantum

Retrospective Analysis of Leishmaniasis in Central Tunisia: An Update on Emerging Epidemiological Trends

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