Isolation of mutants from gamma ray-irradiated population of <i>Solanum melongena</i> cultivar ‘Pusa Purple Long’

Abstract

Three mutants isolated according to differed morphological traits were isolated from the M 2 progeny of gamma ray-irradiated Solanum melongena L. var. PPL, viz. PPL-j 3 (5kR), PPL-k 3-1 (15 kR), and PPL-k 3-2 (15 kR). The seeds of selected mutants of M 2 generation were collected individually and grown in M 3 generation, separately and data on various quantitative traits, such as plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight (g), fruit size (cm), 1000-seed weight (g), and yield (kg) per plant, were recorded for all three mutants. The mutants were morphologically quite distinct, as compared to the control and to each other. The average performance of different quantitative traits was better in a high yielding mutant (PPL-j 3) as compared to the control, while in other two mutants (PPL-k 3-1 and PPL-k 3-2), poor yield was observed. Cytological analysis revealed almost normal chromosomal set in mutant screened from 5kR irradiated population, except for a few chromosomal aberrations. The higher frequency of meiotic aberrations was recorded in mutants isolated from 15 kR irradiated population. However, the frequency of these chromosomal irregularities decreased at anaphase, exhibiting recovery at later stages. A reduction in pollen fertility was also recorded in mutants isolated from 15 kR, indicating low fruit set.

Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma terhadap Hasil dan Pertumbuhan Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum)

“…Based on research by Mohite & Gurav, (2019), the effect of gamma-ray irradiation can be positive and negative on the number of fruits. Gamma rays as physical mutagens can change the properties of plants that have an economic effect such as the number of fruits (Shahab et al, 2018). Data on the number of fruit per tree are shown in Figure 4.…”

Sorghum mutation breeding for tolerance to water deficit under climate change

“…According to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) database (http://mvgs.iaea.org), there are more than 3,300 officially released mutant varieties of 170 different species in more than 60 countries around the world that not only increase biodiversity but also provide material for plant breeding (Jankowicz-Cieslak et al, 2017). Mutation induction can be carried out using chemical or physical mutagens (Shahab et al, 2018). Some of the agronomic traits generated as result of mutation induction are: increasing 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin accumulation in sorghum leaves (Petti et al, 2014), dwarfism, early flowering, high protein digestibility and high lysine content which have been widely used in sorghum breeding (Oria et al, 2000).…”