Isolation of the Thogoto virus from a Haemaphysalis longicornis in Kyoto City, Japan

Yoshii, Kentaro; Okamoto, Natsumi; Hofstetter, R.; Yabu, Tomoko; Masumoto, Hiroki; Someya, Azusa; Kariwa, Hiroaki; Maeda, Akihiko

doi:10.1099/vir.0.000177

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Virus transmission experiments also showed that H. longicornis is a competent vector of THOV, as virus-injected ticks managed to infect the infested mice, as manifested by THOV RNA expression in both the spleen and liver and THOV-specific antibodies, but with no sign of disease and mortality for the whole duration of the study. Likewise, the absence of clinical signs and deaths in the present results still remains consistent with the previous results indicating that THOV-Kamigamo strain has a low-pathogenic characteristic 6 , as previously shown by the absence of mortality in the challenged groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In Japan, the only known endemic tick-borne viruses include TBEV and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) 4 , 5 . However, Thogoto virus (THOV), a tick-borne virus not previously reported in East Asia, was recently isolated from a Haemaphysalis longicornis in Kyoto, Japan 6 . THOV is the type species of the genus Thogotovirus in the family Orthomyxoviridae 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since this is the first reported isolation of THOV in Japan, we are greatly interested in knowing the survival dynamics of THOV in H. longicornis . Moreover, it is also important to determine whether H. longicornis is the principal vector of THOV in Japan, since the Japanese THOV isolate was originally obtained from H. longicorni s, the major tick species at the collection site 6 . Ultimately, we aimed to demonstrate the vector competency of H. longicornis for harboring and transmitting the Japanese THOV isolate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector competence of Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks for a Japanese isolate of the Thogoto virus

Talactac

Yoshii

Hernandez

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Thogoto virus (THOV), a tick-borne arbovirus not previously reported in East Asia, was recently isolated from Haemaphysalis longicornis in Kyoto, Japan. In this study, we investigated the vector competence of H. longicornis ticks for a Japanese isolate of the Thogoto virus using anal pore microinjection and experimental virus acquisition. Our results showed that anal pore microinjection can readily infect adult ticks, and THOV-infected ticks can successfully transmit the virus to mice. Blood feeding was also critical in the distribution of the virus in tick organs, most especially in the salivary glands. Furthermore, co-feeding between an infected adult and naïve nymphs can also produce infected molted adults that can horizontally transmit THOV to mice. Altogether, our results suggest that H. longicornis is a competent vector for the Japanese THOV isolate and could be the primary tick vector of the virus in Japan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector competence of Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks for a Japanese isolate of the Thogoto virus

Talactac

Yoshii

Hernandez

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…To our knowledge, the closely related Aransas Bay virus ( 14 ) has not been placed in genus Thogotovirus . All of these viruses, except Araguari virus, which has been isolated only from vertebrates, are believed to be transmitted by a variety of hard and soft tick species ( 15 – 22 ). Of these tick-transmitted viruses ( Figure 2 ), only Thogoto virus, Dhori virus, and BRBV have been associated with human disease ( 1 , 18 ), and only BRBV and Aransas Bay virus are known to occur in North America.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bourbon Virus in Field-Collected Ticks, Missouri, USA

Savage¹,

Burkhalter²,

Godsey³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Bourbon virus (BRBV) was first isolated in 2014 from a resident of Bourbon County, Kansas, USA, who died of the infection. In 2015, an ill Payne County, Oklahoma, resident tested positive for antibodies to BRBV, before fully recovering. We retrospectively tested for BRBV in 39,096 ticks from northwestern Missouri, located 240 km from Bourbon County, Kansas. We detected BRBV in 3 pools of Amblyomma americanum (L.) ticks: 1 pool of male adults and 2 pools of nymphs. Detection of BRBV in A. americanum, a species that is aggressive, feeds on humans, and is abundant in Kansas and Oklahoma, supports the premise that A. americanum is a vector of BRBV to humans. BRBV has not been detected in nonhuman vertebrates, and its natural history remains largely unknown.

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“…The TCF was aliquoted and stored at Ϫ80°C until further use. Both of the isolates were tested for the presence of known tick-borne arboviruses, e.g., flavivirus, KFDV, tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), Nairo virus, Ganjam virus (Nairobi sheep disease virus), CCHFV, Thogotovirus, Powssan virus, Ingwavuama virus, Bhanja virus, Dhori virus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), and phleboviruses (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). To evaluate pathogenesis and cell susceptibility toward these infectious agents, a 100-fold dilution of original material was repassaged on African green monkey kidney (Vero E6) cells and human (rhabdomyosarcoma [RD]), porcine (porcine stable [PS] kidney), bat embryo (Pipistrellus ceylonicus), and mosquito (C6/36, Aedes albopictus) continuous cell lines.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Novel Reoviruses Wad Medani Virus (Orbivirus) and Kundal Virus (Coltivirus) Collected from Hyalomma anatolicum Ticks in India during Surveillance for Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Yadav

Whitmer

Sarkale

et al. 2019

J Virol

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In 2011, ticks were collected from livestock following an outbreak of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Gujarat state, India. CCHF-negative Hyalomma anatolicum tick pools were passaged for virus isolation, and two virus isolates were obtained, designated Karyana virus (KARYV) and Kundal virus (KUNDV), respectively. Traditional reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) identification of known viruses was unsuccessful, but a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach identified KARYV and KUNDV as viruses in the Reoviridae family, Orbivirus and Coltivirus genera, respectively. Viral genomes were de novo assembled, yielding 10 complete segments of KARYV and 12 nearly complete segments of KUNDV. The VP1 gene of KARYV shared a most recent common ancestor with Wad Medani virus (WMV), strain Ar495, and based on nucleotide identity we demonstrate that it is a novel WMV strain. The VP1 segment of KUNDV shares a common ancestor with Colorado tick fever virus, Eyach virus, Tai Forest reovirus, and Tarumizu tick virus from the Coltivirus genus. Based on VP1, VP6, VP7, and VP12 nucleotide and amino acid identities, KUNDV is proposed to be a new species of Coltivirus. Electron microscopy supported the classification of KARYV and KUNDV as reoviruses and identified replication morphology consistent with other orbi- and coltiviruses. The identification of novel tick-borne viruses carried by the CCHF vector is an important step in the characterization of their potential role in human and animal pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE Ticks and mosquitoes, as well Culicoides, can transmit viruses in the Reoviridae family. With the help of next-generation sequencing (NGS), previously unreported reoviruses such as equine encephalosis virus, Wad Medani virus (WMV), Kammavanpettai virus (KVPTV), and, with this report, KARYV and KUNDV have been discovered and characterized in India. The isolation of KUNDV and KARYV from Hyalomma anatolicum, which is a known vector for zoonotic pathogens, such as Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Babesia, Theileria, and Anaplasma species, identifies arboviruses with the potential to transmit to humans. Characterization of KUNDV and KARYV isolated from Hyalomma ticks is critical for the development of specific serological and molecular assays that can be used to determine the association of these viruses with disease in humans and livestock.

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Isolation of the Thogoto virus from a Haemaphysalis longicornis in Kyoto City, Japan

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Vector competence of Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks for a Japanese isolate of the Thogoto virus

Vector competence of Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks for a Japanese isolate of the Thogoto virus

Bourbon Virus in Field-Collected Ticks, Missouri, USA

Characterization of Novel Reoviruses Wad Medani Virus (Orbivirus) and Kundal Virus (Coltivirus) Collected from Hyalomma anatolicum Ticks in India during Surveillance for Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

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