Isolation of West Nile Virus Strains From Mosquitoes in Israel1

Nir, Yehuda; Goldwasser, Robert A.; Lasowski, Yehuda; Margalit, J.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120839

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Of the three South African strains included in that study two appeared to belong to the AfricanMiddle-Eastern group and the third was antigenically distinct from either group, suggesting the existing of at least one further group. Antigenic variation amongst isolates within these main groups has been described by Nir et al (1968), Umrigar & Pavri (1977) and Odelola & Fabiyi (1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Antigenic relationship of West Nile strains by titre ratios calculated from cross-neutralization test results

1987

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Antigenic relationship of West Nile strains by titre ratios calculated from cross-neutralization test results

1987

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“…Lineage 2 viruses have only been found in southern and central Africa where they are associated with sporadic and endemic human cases of West Nile fever, a less severe febrile illness without involvement of the central nervous system. The strain circulating in North America is a lineage 1 virus with > 99.8% nucleotide homology with viruses isolated in Israel in 1998 and 1999 [13,15]. In addition, this North American strain is closely related to WN virus isolates from Romania, Italy and Russia, areas with recent epidemics of WNND [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Serologic and molecular studies in the 1960's suggested significant strain variation among WN viruses [12][13][14]. More recent genomic sequencing of the E protein has demonstrated two distinct lineages of WN virus [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manifestations of West Nile neuroinvasive disease

Sejvar

Marfin²

2006

Rev. Med. Virol.

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Since its introduction to North America in 1999, West Nile virus, an arthropod-borne flavivirus, has become the most significant cause of epidemic encephalitis in the western hemisphere. While most human infections with the virus are asymptomatic and the majority of symptomatic persons experience febrile illness, severe neurologic manifestations, including meningitis, encephalitis, and poliomyelitis may be seen. This review summarizes the virology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of human infection with West Nile virus, and details recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology and various clinical manifestations of infection.

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“…They belong to different groups: SV is an alpha virus of 70 nm size and WNV is a flavivirus, 40 nm in size (Fenner et al, 1974). Both viruses are endemic in Israel and have been iwlated from birds, mosquitos, and humans many times over (Goldblum, 1959;Nir et at.. 1967Nir et at.. , 1968. Both viruses induce a lethal encephalitis when injected intracerebrally (1C) to infant mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different pathogenicity of encephalitic togaviruses in organotypic cultures of spinal cord slices

Shahar

Lustig

Akov

et al. 1990

J of Neuroscience Research

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The pathogenicity of two encephalitic Togaviruses, Sindbis virus (SV), an alphavirus, and West Nile virus (WNV), a flavivirus, was studied in organotypic cultures of fetal mouse spinal cord slices grown in roller tubes. After about 3 weeks in vitro, during which time the cultures became abundantly myelinated, they were infected either by 5 X 10(5) PFU SV or by 5 X 10(6) PFU WNV per culture. The viruses caused different patterns of cytopathogenicity: SV induced severe cytotoxicity in all glia cells and neurons with concomitant demyelination within 48 hr. In contrast, WNV, even 4 days after infection, caused only mild cytopathic effects mainly to neurons and astrocytes and a slight degree of damage to the myelin sheath. A most remarkable finding was the entrapment of WNV particles in the interperiod lines of the myelin sheaths. Treatment of cultures with mouse alpha and beta interferon prior to their infection with either virus protected the cultures from any viral damage. Long-term exposure of non-infected control organotypic cultures of fetal spinal cord slices to mouse interferons had no significant effect on neuronal and glial differentiation, and myelin formation.

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Isolation of West Nile Virus Strains From Mosquitoes in Israel1

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Antigenic relationship of West Nile strains by titre ratios calculated from cross-neutralization test results

Antigenic relationship of West Nile strains by titre ratios calculated from cross-neutralization test results

Manifestations of West Nile neuroinvasive disease

Different pathogenicity of encephalitic togaviruses in organotypic cultures of spinal cord slices

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