Isopropanol: Acute vapor inhalation neurotoxicity study in rats

Gill, Michael; Burleigh-Flayer, Heather; Strother, Dale E.; Masten, Lawrence W.; McKee, Richard H.; Tyler, T. R.; Gardiner, Thomas H.

doi:10.1002/jat.2550150204

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…15 The delayed effects per- performed on rats within 1 h following a single exposure to 5000 ppm of isopropanol vapor showed sedation of the CNS. 20 The present study confirmed that increases in motor activity were produced at 18-20 h following repeated exposure to isopropanol. These results suggest a similar intoxication and withdrawal syndrome with isopropanol as observed with ethanol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Motor activity effects in female Fischer 344 rats exposed to isopropanol for 90 days

Burleigh-Flayer¹,

Gill²,

Hurley³

et al. 1998

J. Appl. Toxicol.

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In a previous subchronic neurotoxicity study, increases in motor activity were observed for female rats after 9 and 13 weeks of exposure to 5000 ppm of isopropanol vapor.1 The present study was conducted to evaluate the reproducibility of these effects and, if reproducible, to assess the potential for reversibility following cessation of exposure. Two groups, each containing 30 female Fischer 344 rats, were exposed to concentrations of zero (control) and 5000 ppm of isopropanol vapor for 6 h per day, 5 days per week. Fifteen of the animals in the control and 5000 ppm groups were exposed for 9 weeks (designated as the 9‐week subgroup), while the other 15 animals in each group were exposed for 13 weeks (designated as the 13‐week subgroup). Motor activity was assessed for both subgroups prior to exposure and following 4, 7 and 9 weeks of exposure. Motor activity was also measured for rats in the 13‐week subgroup following 11 and 13 weeks of exposure. These motor activity measurements were made 18–20 h following the end of the last exposure for that week. In addition, to evaluate the reversibility of motor activity effects, measurements were made on three occasions during the week following the final exposure for rats in both the 9‐week and 13‐week subgroups and weekly thereafter for five additional weeks for rats in the 13‐week subgroup. Increases in cumulative test session motor activity counts were observed following 4, 7 and 9 weeks of exposure for rats in the 9‐week subgroup. Increases in cumulative test session motor activity counts were also observed following 4, 7, 9, 11 and 13 weeks of exposure for rats in the 13‐week subgroup. Reversibility of this effect was observed for rats in the 9‐week subgroup within 2 days following the last exposure. Reversibility was also noted for rats in the 13‐week subgroup but not until Study Week 15 (2 weeks following the last exposure). Minor changes were observed in the shape of the motor activity habituation curves for isopropanol‐exposed animals in the 9‐week and 13‐week subgroups at ca. 50% of the measurement intervals beginning at Study Week 4. While most of these statistical changes were observed in conjunction with increases in cumulative test session motor activity, some were observed following time points where recovery of the cumulative test session motor activity counts had occurred. No change in the shape of the motor activity habituation curve was observed at 42 days following the last exposure, indicating that complete recovery of motor activity effects had occurred. Thus, repeated exposure of female rats to 5000 ppm of isopropanol produced reversible increases in motor activity. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Motor activity effects in female Fischer 344 rats exposed to isopropanol for 90 days

Burleigh-Flayer¹,

Gill²,

Hurley³

et al. 1998

J. Appl. Toxicol.

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“…Gill et al 1995, Steinmann et al 2009, Jammalamadaka and Raissi 2010). For instance, in 2007, 7,447 cases of isopropanol ingestions were reported to the US Poison Control Centers.…”

Section: Human Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Alcohols: Aliphatic Saturated Alcohols

Patočka¹,

Kuča²

2012

MMSL

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SummaryToxic alcohols that clinicians commonly encounter are ethylene glycol, methanol, and isopropanol. Adults ingest these either for suicidal intent or to achieve inebriation, since these substances are readily available and cheaper than alcohol. Nevertheless, assorted alcohols are used very often in many applications and any alcohol can be toxic if ingested in large enough quantities. Toxic alcohols discussed here include all saturated aliphatic alcohols containing from 1 to 6 carbons in their molecules.

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“…In the male animals of the 1500 ml/m 3 group, merely motor activity was reduced by 15%. The NOEC (no observed effect concentration) was 500 ml/m 3 (Gill et al 1995).…”

Section: A Nimal Experiments and In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Isopropyl alcohol [MAK Value Documentation, 2013a]

2013

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Published in the series MAK Value Documentations The article contains sections titled: Toxic Effects and Mode of Action Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics and Metabolism Effects in Humans Single exposures Repeated exposures Local effects on skin and mucous membranes Allergenic effects Reproductive toxicity Genotoxicity Carcinogenicity Animal Experiments and in vitro Studies Acute toxicity Subacute, subchronic and chronic toxicity Local effects on skin and mucous membranes Allergenic effects Reproductive toxicity Genotoxicity Carcinogenicity Manifesto (MAK value/classification)

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Isopropanol: Acute vapor inhalation neurotoxicity study in rats

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

Motor activity effects in female Fischer 344 rats exposed to isopropanol for 90 days

Motor activity effects in female Fischer 344 rats exposed to isopropanol for 90 days

Toxic Alcohols: Aliphatic Saturated Alcohols

Isopropyl alcohol [MAK Value Documentation, 2013a]

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