Isoprostanoid Profiling of Marine Microalgae

Abstract

Algae result from a complex evolutionary history that shapes their metabolic network. For example, these organisms can synthesize different polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as those found in land plants and oily fish. Due to the presence of numerous double-bonds, such molecules can be oxidized nonenzymatically, and this results in the biosynthesis of high-value bioactive metabolites named isoprostanoids. So far, there have been only a few studies reporting isoprostanoid productions in algae. To fill this gap, the current investigation aimed at profiling isoprostanoids by liquid chromatography -mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in four marine microalgae. A good correlation was observed between the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) produced by the investigated microalgal species and their isoprostanoid profiles. No significant variations in the content of oxidized derivatives were observed for Rhodomonas salina and Chaetoceros gracilis under copper stress, whereas increases in the production of C18-, C20- and C22-derived isoprostanoids were monitored in Tisochrysis lutea and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, no significant changes were observed for C. gracilis and for T. lutea, while variations were monitored for the other two algae. This study paves the way to further studying the physiological roles of isoprostanoids in marine microalgae and exploring these organisms as bioresources for isoprostanoid production.

Phytoprostanes from Date Palm Fruit and Byproducts: Five Different Varieties Grown in Two Different Locations As Potential sources

“…In the literature, variation in PhytoP levels has been reported in other plant matrices and in accordance to different varieties such as cocoa beans, nuts, and algae. − León-Perez and his co-workers mentioned different profiles of PhytoP in relation to the clone of the cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L). In this study, 31 clones of cocoa beans grown on different experimental farms were assessed.…”

“…Occurrence of PhytoPs was investigated in many foodstuffs and plant species such as almonds, algae, − pistachio kernals, dark chocolates, coffee, and cocoa . However, their presence in DPF was not fully investigated.…”

Comparative Response of Marine Microalgae to H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress

“…It was recently shown that H 2 O 2 can trigger the production of isoprostanoids derived from C18, C20 and C22 in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, which may explain the EPA proportion reduction observed in Stauroneis sp. [59][60][61]. The response patterns were overall speciesspecific, which was also reflected in the relative positions of the treatments along the axes delineated by the PCA planes.…”

“…R. violacea showed however increases of both C18:0 and EPA, the former being an important precursor for the biosynthesis of LC-PUFAs in microalgae [58]. Isoprostanoids and oxylipins, which correspond to oxidised PUFAs, have attracted enhanced interests due to their cell signalling functions and potential beneficial effects [59]. It was recently shown that H 2 O 2 can trigger the production of isoprostanoids derived from C18, C20 and C22 in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, which may explain the EPA proportion reduction observed in Stauroneis sp.…”

Lipids of Marine Algae—Biomolecules with High Nutritional Value and Important Bioactive Properties

“…Vigor et al [ 5 ] profiled isoprostanoids using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in four marine microalgae (the diatoms Chaetoceros gracilis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum , the cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina and the haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea ). Isoprostanoids are high-value bioactive metabolites resulting from the nonenzymatic oxidation of PUFAs (termed NEO-PUFAs).…”