Lipids of Marine Algae—Biomolecules with High Nutritional Value and Important Bioactive Properties

Domingues, Rosário M.; Calado, Ricardo

doi:10.3390/biom12010134

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Interestingly, n-3 and n-6 VLC PUFAs, which are esterified to the GL fractions, have demonstrated enhanced bioavailability and bioactive properties (e.g., antitumor-, antiproliferative-, and anti-inflammatory activities). These bioactive effects surpass those observed with the triacylglycerol-esterified form derived from fish oil, however, the underlying mechanism behind this phenomenon is still not fully understood [60][61][62].…”

Section: Very-long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Microalgae as Multiproduct Cell Factories

Makay,

Grewe

2023

Microalgae - Current and Potential Applications

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Microalgae are a highly diverse group of microorganisms that are currently produced at industrial scale at comparably high specific costs for various applications (e.g., food supplements and cosmetics). Although a multitude of high-value, market-relevant products, such as fucoxanthin and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are present in the biomass, currently single-value chain products are produced and marketed, limiting profitability of microalgal biotechnology, as well as potential application. The chapter provides an overview on microalgae-based lead compounds and their bioactivities providing the basis for the multiproduct cell factory concept. Furthermore, a general overview of current downstream processing (DSP) methods is given that are currently used for microalgal biorefineries at industrial scale. The latest advancements in the research and development of multi-products are showcased, highlighting its role in facilitating the microalgal bioeconomy.

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Section: Very-long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Microalgae as Multiproduct Cell Factories

Makay,

Grewe

2023

Microalgae - Current and Potential Applications

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“…All eukaryotes and prokaryotes can synthesise GLs which form membrane lipids [46]. Marine algae are known to be a great source of lipid molecules with wide-ranging bioactive properties [47]. Glycoglycerolipids are known for their antiviral, antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties [48].…”

Section: Non-target Screening Of Non-volatile Compounds In Ethanol Ex...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Monitoring of Volatiles and Antioxidant Activity of Brown Alga Cladostephus spongiosus

et al. 2023

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Cladostephus spongiosus was harvested once a month during its growing season (from May to August) from the Adriatic Sea. Algal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were obtained by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and hydrodistillation (HD) and analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The effects of air drying and growing season on VOCs were determined. Two different extraction methods (ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE)) were used to obtain ethanolic extracts of C. spongiosus. In addition, the seasonal antioxidant potential of the extracts was determined, and non-volatile compounds were identified from the most potent antioxidant extract. Aliphatic compounds (e.g., pentadecane) were predominantly found by HS-SPME/GC-MS. Hydrocarbons were more than twice as abundant in the dry samples (except in May). Aliphatic alcohols (e.g., hexan-1-ol, octan-1-ol, and oct-1-en-3-ol) were present in high percentages and were more abundant in the fresh samples. Hexanal, heptanal, nonanal, and tridecanal were also found. Aliphatic ketones (octan-3-one, 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one, and (E,Z)-octa-3,5-dien-2-one) were more abundant in the fresh samples. Benzene derivatives (e.g., benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde) were dominant in the fresh samples from May and August. (E)-Verbenol and p-cymen-8-ol were the most abundant in dry samples in May. HD revealed aliphatic compounds (e.g., heptadecane, pentadecanal, (E)-heptadec-8-ene, (Z)-heptadec-3-ene), sesquiterpenes (germacrene D, epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene, gleenol), diterpenes (phytol, pachydictyol A, (E)-geranyl geraniol, cembra-4,7,11,15-tetraen-3-ol), and others. Among them, terpenes were the most abundant (except for July). Seasonal variations in the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts were evaluated via different assays. MAE extracts showed higher peroxyl radical inhibition activity from 55.1 to 74.2 µM TE (Trolox equivalents). The highest reducing activity (293.8 µM TE) was observed for the May sample. Therefore, the May MAE extract was analysed via high-performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation (UHPLC-ESI-HRMS). In total, 17 fatty acid derivatives, 9 pigments and derivatives, and 2 steroid derivatives were found. The highest content of pheophorbide a and fucoxanthin, as well as the presence of other pigment derivatives, could be related to the observed antioxidant activity.

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“…Table 6 provides a summary of the HPLC instrumentation and parameters used in recent microalgal studies for ω-3 PUFA analysis. HPLC-MS lipidomic analysis of biological systems, such as microalgae biomass, typically involves the following steps (Figure 4) (Cajka and Fiehn, 2014;Dobowy and Pyka, 2015;Domingues and Calado, 2022;Evans et al, 2022):…”

Section: High-performance Liquid Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatographic Techniques to Separate and Identify Bioactive Compounds in Microalgae

et al. 2022

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Microalgae are potential sources for the sustainable production of valuable chemicals including polyphenols, pigments, and ω-3 PUFAs. However, successful exploitation of these high value compounds in the food, healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors depends greatly on their effective separation, identification, and analysis after recovery from the biomass. The findings of this review paper illustrated that chromatographic methods coupled to different types of detectors have been used as a crucial part of research on microalgal polyphenols, Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (ω-3 PUFAs), and pigments production through identification, measurement, sample preparation, and purification practices. Therefore, it is important to provide a comprehensive review regarding the current research in the field. The basic operating principles, parametric optimisation and detection units of common (liquid chromatography and gas chromatography) and novel chromatographic techniques (counter current chromatography, expanded bed adsorption chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography) used to separate, identify, and quantify polyphenols, PUFAs and pigments from microalgae matrices are comprehensively reviewed.

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Lipids of Marine Algae—Biomolecules with High Nutritional Value and Important Bioactive Properties

Abstract: Marine microalgae are a multitude of taxonomically diverse unicellular organisms, ranging from diatoms to dinoflagellates and several other well-known groups, that may dwell in the water column, occur in marine sediments, or even associate symbiotically with marine animals.

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Microalgae as Multiproduct Cell Factories

Microalgae as Multiproduct Cell Factories

Seasonal Monitoring of Volatiles and Antioxidant Activity of Brown Alga Cladostephus spongiosus

Chromatographic Techniques to Separate and Identify Bioactive Compounds in Microalgae

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