Isoproterenol-induced expression of the cystatin S gene in submandibular glands of parasympathectomized rats

Chaparro, Orlando; Yu, Wan-hua Amy; Shaw, Phyllis A.

doi:10.1016/s0169-328x(98)00223-x

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The possibility that apoptosis might have been induced by CTD was examined, since such a change is one of the pathophysiological phenomena leading to tissue weight loss and hence may result in a decrease in AQP5 protein expression. However, the results of TUNEL assay as well as bax/bcl-2 analyses showed that this was not the case, findings that are in concordance with previous reports (7,19). On the other hand, autophagy, or autophagocytosis, is known as a catabolic process involving the degradation of a cell's own components through Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Upon CTD, the gland weight decreases by 50% at the latest by a week after the operation (7,32). However, in the present bilateral CTD study, gland weight was shown to decrease only by 17% 10 -14 days after CTD.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Loss of acinar cells due to any mechanism, such as cell death, would cause a decrease in the AQP5 protein level. Furthermore, previous reports showed that the decrease in the SMG weight occurs during the first week after CTD (5,7,32,49). For this reason, we examined the possibility of the involvement of apoptosis following CTD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The third effect of CTD on the SMG is a reduction in the gland weight (5,7,32,49). Upon CTD, the gland weight decreases by 50% at the latest by a week after the operation (7,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SMG was dissected on days 1,4,7,10,14,21, and 28 after bilateral CTD and weights were measured. Rats with no operation (0 day) were regarded as the control in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Roles of lysosomal proteolytic systems in AQP5 degradation in the submandibular gland of rats following chorda tympani parasympathetic denervation

Ahmad¹,

Javkhlan

Hiroshima³

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chorda tympani denervation (CTD) of rats was earlier shown to result in loss of submandibular gland (SMG) weight (at only 1 wk) and in continued reduction in aquaporin 5 (AQP5) protein expression (until 4 wk), without affecting its mRNA synthesis (Li X, Azlina A, Karabasil MR, Purwanti N, Hasegawa T, Yao C, Akamatsu T, Hosoi K. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 295: G112-G123, 2008). The present study indicated that despite elevation of bax, a proapoptosis protein, by CTD, the operation also increased the level of bcl-2, an antiapoptosis protein, in the SMG. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL assay) showed no increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the SMG. CTD, however, induced strongly and transiently (at 1-3 days) the protein expression of LC3B-II, a marker protein of autophagosomes, suggesting that the reduction in the gland weight was due to onset of autophagy by CTD. Upon CTD, Lamp2, a lysosomal marker, gradually increased in amount, reaching a peak at the 14th day. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in the number of lysosome-like structures positive for both AQP5 and Lamp2 in the acinar cells of the SMG after CTD; similar changes were observed also for AQP5 and LC3Bs. These data suggest that AQP5 in the SMG entered autophagosomes and/or lysosomes for degradation upon CTD. In vitro AQP5-degrading activity was found in the SMG extracts, and such activity was shown to be increased by CTD. Inhibitor experiments implied cathepsins B and L to be candidate enzymes for this degradation under normal and CTD conditions, respectively.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The third effect of CTD on the SMG is a reduction in the gland weight (5,7,32,49). Upon CTD, the gland weight decreases by 50% at the latest by a week after the operation (7,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SMG was dissected on days 1,4,7,10,14,21, and 28 after bilateral CTD and weights were measured. Rats with no operation (0 day) were regarded as the control in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations