Isothermal ternary phase diagram of the polylactic acid-dichloromethane-hexane system

Rezabeigi, Ehsan; Wood‐Adams, Paula M.; Drew, R. A. L.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2014.05.018

Cited by 45 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A template‐free foaming method which is a combination of the NIPS and TIPS techniques is used in order to produce the foams from PLA‐DCM‐hexane systems phase separated at −23°C . All the ternary systems in this study contain hexane/DCM volume ratio of 1 and are allowed to phase separate in a freezer at −23°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Morphological examination of highly porous polylactic acid/Bioglass^® scaffolds produced via nonsolvent induced phase separation

2016

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In this study, we produce highly porous (up to ∼91%) composite scaffolds of polylactic acid (PLA) containing 2 wt % sol-gel-derived 45S5 Bioglass particles via nonsolvent induced phase separation at -23°C with no sacrificial phases involved. Before the incorporation of the bioglass with PLA, the particles are surface modified with a silane coupling agent which effectively diminishes agglomeration between them leading to a better dispersion of bioactive particles throughout the scaffold. Interestingly, the incorporation route (via solvent dichloromethane or nonsolvent hexane) of the surface modified particles in the foaming process has the greatest impact on porosity, crystallinity, and morphology of the scaffolds. The composite scaffolds with a morphology consisting of both mesopores and large macropores, which is potentially beneficial for bone regeneration applications, are examined further. SEM images show that the surface modified bioglass particles take-up a unique configuration within the mesoporous structure of these scaffolds ensuring that the particles are well interlocked but not completely covered by PLA such that they can be in contact with physiological fluids. The results of preliminary in vitro tests confirm that this PLA/bioglass configuration promotes the interaction of the bioactive phase with physiological fluids. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2433-2442, 2017.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Morphological examination of highly porous polylactic acid/Bioglass^® scaffolds produced via nonsolvent induced phase separation

2016

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“…The applications of polylactic acid (PLA) have drastically increased over the past decade in areas from packaging and tableware industries to biomedical and tissue engineering applications. This is due to increasing availability of PLA and its good mechanical properties (in particular the l ‐form), recyclability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility . PLA can be easily formed into not only monolithic shapes, sheets and foams, but also filaments and fibers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) is a template‐free process mostly used for production of polymeric foams and membranes and can be incorporated into electrospinning . According to the Flory–Huggins solution theory, the addition of a nonsolvent into a polymer solution may phase separate the system into a polymer‐rich and a polymer‐lean phase. During electrospinning, the polymer‐lean phase (mainly solvent and nonsolvent) partially evaporates leaving behind a porous morphology within the fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During electrospinning, the polymer‐lean phase (mainly solvent and nonsolvent) partially evaporates leaving behind a porous morphology within the fibers. The amount and type of nonsolvent have an enormous influence on the phase separation mechanism (spinodal, nucleation and growth and/or crystallization) and kinetics . The progressive nature of the phase separation process affects the electrospinability of the system and the characteristics of the fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrospinning of porous polylactic acid fibers during nonsolvent induced phase separation

Rezabeigi

Sta

Swain

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, porous micron‐sized fibers of polylactic acid (PLA) are fabricated via electrospinning of PLA‐dichloromethane (DCM)‐hexane systems with no post treatment involved. Several compositions from the liquid‐liquid phase separated region of the phase diagram of this ternary system are selected and their electrospinnability are investigated throughout their phase separation process before gelation. We show that under constant processing and ambient parameters, there is a phase separation shelf time for each composition wherein the viscoelasticity of the systems is optimum to produce long, uniform porous fibers. For the first time, we investigate the effect of aging time during phase separation on the morphology of the electrospun fibers using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on our results, certain phase separated systems provide a range of viscosity allowing for the production of porous spherical micro beads or fibers via electrospraying and electrospinning, respectively. It is also shown that obtaining long, uniform fibers from electrospinning of highly phase separated systems, e.g., a gel, is not feasible due to the high degree of crystallinity of their polymer‐rich domains and the solid‐like yielding behavior. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44862.

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“…This is due to increasing availability of PLA and its good mechanical properties (in particular the L-form), recyclability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility [1][2]. Many researchers have engaged in fabricating multi-porous PLLA fiber film with various methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of parameters on the properties of Poly (L-lactic acid) ultrafine multi-porous fibrous film by electrospinning

Jin¹,

Ruo²,

He³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2017 5th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering (ICMMCCE 20

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Isothermal ternary phase diagram of the polylactic acid-dichloromethane-hexane system

Cited by 45 publications

References 17 publications

Morphological examination of highly porous polylactic acid/Bioglass^® scaffolds produced via nonsolvent induced phase separation

Morphological examination of highly porous polylactic acid/Bioglass^® scaffolds produced via nonsolvent induced phase separation

Electrospinning of porous polylactic acid fibers during nonsolvent induced phase separation

The effect of parameters on the properties of Poly (L-lactic acid) ultrafine multi-porous fibrous film by electrospinning

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Isothermal ternary phase diagram of the polylactic acid-dichloromethane-hexane system

Cited by 45 publications

References 17 publications

Morphological examination of highly porous polylactic acid/Bioglass® scaffolds produced via nonsolvent induced phase separation

Morphological examination of highly porous polylactic acid/Bioglass® scaffolds produced via nonsolvent induced phase separation

Electrospinning of porous polylactic acid fibers during nonsolvent induced phase separation

The effect of parameters on the properties of Poly (L-lactic acid) ultrafine multi-porous fibrous film by electrospinning

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Product

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Morphological examination of highly porous polylactic acid/Bioglass^® scaffolds produced via nonsolvent induced phase separation

Morphological examination of highly porous polylactic acid/Bioglass^® scaffolds produced via nonsolvent induced phase separation