Isotope analysis of pyrolysis products from Sphagnum peat and dissolved organic matter from bog water

Kracht, Oliver; Gleixner, Gerd

doi:10.1016/s0146-6380(00)00041-3

Cited by 97 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For Zaccone et al (2011), decay and humification processes might involve a selective degradation of OM which in turn might affect δ 13 C value. It is also well known that (i) a relative enrichment in aromatic compounds (lignin-derived compounds and humic substances) induce a depletion of 13 C and more precisely that (ii) these lignin-derived compounds are generally depleted in 13 C by 3 to 6% relative to sugars (Benner et al, 1987;Kracht and Gleixner, 2000;Kalbitz et al, 2003). A preferential consumption of carbohydrates might thus lead to a relative enrichment in aromatic compounds with a lowering of δ 13 C values.…”

Section: Otc-induced Warming Affects the Dynamics Of Water-extractablmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of short-term ecosystem experimental warming on water-extractable organic matter in an ombrotrophic Sphagnum peatland (Le Forbonnet, France)

Delarue

Laggoun‐Défarge

Buttler

et al. 2011

Organic Geochemistry

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International audienceIn a future warmer world, peatlands may change from a carbon sink function to a carbon source function. This study tracks changes in water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) after one year of in situ experimental warming using open top chambers (OTCs). WEOM was studied in the upper peat layers (0-10 cm) through analysis of water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC), stable C isotopic composition (δ13C), specific UV absorbance at 280 nm and sugar composition of cores taken from an open bog (DRY sites) and a transitional poor fen (WET sites). At the DRY sites, the impact of OTCs was weak with respect to WEOM parameters, whereas at the WET sites, the air warming treatment led to a decrease in peat water content, suggesting that the supply of heat by OTCs was used mainly for evapotranspiration. OTCs at the WET sites also induced a relative enrichment at the surface (0 to 5 cm depth) of aliphatic and/or aromatic compounds with concomitant decrease in WEOC, as a result of decomposition. On the contrary, WEOC and sugar content increased in the deeper peat layer (7.5-10 cm depth) probably as a result of increased leaching of phenolic compounds by roots, which then inhibits microbial activity. The different response to experimental warming at DRY and WET sites suggests that the spatial variability of moisture in is critical for understanding of the impact of global warming on the fate of OM and the carbon cycle in peatlands

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Section: Otc-induced Warming Affects the Dynamics Of Water-extractablmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of short-term ecosystem experimental warming on water-extractable organic matter in an ombrotrophic Sphagnum peatland (Le Forbonnet, France)

Delarue

Laggoun‐Défarge

Buttler

et al. 2011

Organic Geochemistry

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“…Kuhry and Vitt, 1996) and organic compounds using techniques such as pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (py-GC-MS; e.g. Kracht and Gleixner, 2000). However, the peat mass may be described as a mixture of plant species and plant parts, each component having a different chemical composition and decomposition rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Yeloff

Blokker

Bartlett

et al. 2008

Organic Geochemistry

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The influence of past depositional environments on the chemistry of sub-fossil Juncus seed coats (testa) from the top 1 m (corresponding to ca. 900 years of peat accumulation) of a peat bog in the Faroe Islands was examined. The chemistry of the testa of fresh Juncus seeds were characterised using thermally assisted pyrolysis and methylation (THM) in the presence of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and 'type' compounds were identified, representative of the major chemical groups in the testa (cellulose-related sugars, lignin-related phenolics, fatty acids). The abundance of the 'type' compounds in the products from sub-fossil testae (the internal tissues of the seeds do not survive beyond the very early stages of decomposition) was then quantified at contiguous 1 cm depth intervals. Major losses of C 18 unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters and sugars were associated with the fresh to sub-fossil transition at ca. 7 cm depth. The preservation of the phenolic ferulic acid in the seed testa appears to be favoured by the input of small basaltic particles from the nearby stream channel. The mechanism by which inwash of inorganic material may be responsible for the improved chemical preservation of the Juncus seed testa is, however, unclear. The sugars were easily metabolised by microorganisms under aerobic conditions of low water table and preserved under anoxic conditions with high water table, suggesting that a drier mire surface may result in the more efficient depletion of polysaccharides and cellulose during the initial stage of decomposition in the acrotelm.

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“…Early diagenetic processes decompose labile plant material rapidly in aerobic soil environments with adequate water supplies. Oxidative and hydrolytic biodegradation of this dead plant material by microorganisms (mainly fungi and bacteria) is believed to be a primary source of humic substances [10,11]. Plant cellulose is probably the most isotopically stable chemical compound, even under conditions of partial decomposition [1,[12][13][14].…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbon stable isotope analyses of mosses—comparisons of bulk organic matter and extracted nitrocellulose

Skrzypek

Kałużny

Jędrysek

2007

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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The commonly used technique for determination of plant stable carbon isotope composition is analysis of CO 2 liberated during combustion of chemically extracted nitrocellulose or ␣-cellulose. The ␦ 13 C of cellulose is usually accepted as a more reliable record of growth environment conditions compared with bulk plant material analysis. Unfortunately, cellulose extraction techniques are time-consuming, and usually require toxic chemicals such as toluene, chloroform, benzene, methanol, concentrated acids, etc. We tested the possibility of replacing nitrocellulose analysis with bulk organic analysis. Sphagnum and Polytrichum mosses collected along a vertical transect (altitudes 500 to 1400 m), provided material for analysis in the wide range of ␦ 13 C: Ϫ32.66‰ and Ϫ26.20‰ for bulk organic matter and Ϫ24.11‰ and Ϫ31.86‰ for nitrocellulose. The correlation for ␦ 13 C value of extracted cellulose and ␦ 13 C values of bulk organic matter were very good (Ͼ0.95). Our results suggested that ␦ 13 C analyses can be performed on bulk plant material instead of cellulose, without significant loss of information, at least for Polytrichum and Sphagnum mosses. Moreover, we confirmed that the extraction process of nitrocellulose did not cause any significant isotopic fractionation. (J Am Soc Mass

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Isotope analysis of pyrolysis products from Sphagnum peat and dissolved organic matter from bog water

Cited by 97 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of short-term ecosystem experimental warming on water-extractable organic matter in an ombrotrophic Sphagnum peatland (Le Forbonnet, France)

Effects of short-term ecosystem experimental warming on water-extractable organic matter in an ombrotrophic Sphagnum peatland (Le Forbonnet, France)

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Carbon stable isotope analyses of mosses—comparisons of bulk organic matter and extracted nitrocellulose

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