Isotopic turnover of carbon and nitrogen in bovine blood fractions and inner organs

Bahar, Bojlul; Harrison, Sabine M.; Moloney, A.P.; Monahan, Frank J.; Schmidt, Olaf

doi:10.1002/rcm.6872

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Protein turnover is rapid in liver and blood serum/plasma, intermediate in heart muscle, and slow in skeletal muscle and RBC (29, 156) (Figure 6). A growing number of captive studies of mammals and birds have found that the kinetics of isotopic turnover in tissues are consistent with that order (5, 17, 22). Turnover rates slow with increasing body size; for example, the time until 50% replacement of RBC was 35 days in humans (30) but 114 days in beef cattle (5).…”

Section: Stable Isotope Ratios In Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Stable Isotope Ratios as Biomarkers of Diet for Health Research

2015

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Diet is a leading modifiable risk factor for chronic disease, but it remains difficult to measure accurately due to the error and bias inherent in self-reported methods of diet assessment. Consequently there is a pressing need for more objective biomarkers of diet for use in health research. The stable isotope ratios of light elements are a promising set of candidate biomarkers because they vary naturally and reproducibly among foods, and those variations are captured in molecules and tissues with high fidelity. Recent studies have identified valid isotopic measures of short and long-term sugar intake, meat intake, and fish intake in specific populations. These studies provide a strong foundation for validating stable isotopic biomarkers in the general United States population. Approaches to improve specificity for specific foods are needed, for example, by modeling intake using multiple stable isotope ratios, or by isolating and measuring specific molecules linked to foods of interest.

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Section: Stable Isotope Ratios In Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Stable Isotope Ratios as Biomarkers of Diet for Health Research

2015

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“…The assessment of biological age is relatively straightforward in soft tissues because the potential time lags between actual weaning ages and elemental signals are relatively small. The turnover rates of most soft tissues, such as blood, hair, nail, and muscle, and excreta are relatively high and these reflect diet during relatively short time periods (as little as a few days to months) before sampling for most animal species (e.g., O'Connell and Hedges, 1999;Sponheimer et al, 2003;McCullagh et al, 2005;Codron et al, 2011;Braun et al, 2013;Bahar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Assignment Of Biological Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices using stable isotope and trace element analyses: A review

Tsutaya

Yoneda

2014

American J Phys Anthropol

196

188

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Biogeochemical methods using stable isotopes and trace elements have been increasingly developed and applied to reconstruct modern and ancient breastfeeding and weaning practices of mammals, including humans, because they offer direct proxies for the dietary intake of subadults. Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotopes have been used to evaluate breast milk lipid, protein, and water intake, respectively. Carbon and sulfur isotopes have been used to estimate the content of weaning foods. The elemental concentrations of Sr and Ba in subadult tissues differ because of the dietary change during the weaning process. For analyses, various tissues have been used, such as hair, nail, blood, and feces for modern mammals and bone and teeth for ancient ones. Of these, trace element analysis of tooth enamel offers a good opportunity for the reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices of the more distant past at finer resolution, although further understanding of the metabolism of trace elements is necessary. There are various tissue-and element-specific advantages and disadvantages, and a combination of different proxies can illuminate practices from various viewpoints. Finally, applying the geochemical reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices to human ecology, primatology, and paleoanthropology is important; basic studies of the underlying physiological mechanisms and technical improvements in the analyses will further highlight avenues for future research. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 156:2-21, 2015. V C 2014 American Association of Physical AnthropologistsThe reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices (BWPs) of ancient human and other mammalian species is one of the most important fields in anthropology, archaeology, evolutionary biology, and history. Infant feeding practices affect the overall health of the population because diet, health status, and growth at a young age have profound effects on an individual's later life (Dettwyler and Fishman, 1992;Katzenberg et al., 1996;WHO, 1998WHO, , 2009Lewis, 2007). Breastfeeding and weaning practices can be viewed from the evolutionary perspectives of life history theory, parental investment, child development, social system, and reproductive strat-

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“…Therefore, the stable isotope signal in the hoof depends on the turnover rate (half-life t 0.5 ) of the blood plasma. The plasma turnover for roe deer was extrapolated from data for blood plasma of cows (Bos taurus L. [26]) and rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout [27]) as it is proportional to body mass [28]:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowing the half-lives and body masses for cow [26] and rat [27], we were able to calculate the turnover rate of blood plasma for roe deer by:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hoof Growth Rates of the European Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) for Dating the Hoof’s Isotopic Archive

Häfner

König

Auerswald

2017

Forests

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Abstract:Hooves preserve the isotopic information laid down during their growth and may be used for reconstruction of animal feeding history. To assign certain positions along hooves to corresponding times, growth rates are required. Hoof growth rates are known for domestic animals; however, they cannot be obtained easily in wild animals. We estimated the hoof growth rate of the European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) by using the immediate drop in δ 13 C along the hoof as a tag that is assigned to the date of maize (Zea mays L.) harvest. Keratin samples were taken each mm along 17 hooves and analyzed for their δ 13 C. A linear regression between (1) time differences of expected maize harvest to animal death and (2) distances between the points of the δ 13 C drop to the periople yielded the growth rate. Mean hoof growth rate was 0.122 mm/day (95% CI 0.014 mm/day) and 0.365%/day (±0.026%/day) of the hoof length and within the range of domestic animals. The method may be applied to determine growth rates of other incrementally growing tissues. Our estimated growth rate fosters dating isotopic information in hooves, facilitating research on feed resources and space use of roe deer.

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Isotopic turnover of carbon and nitrogen in bovine blood fractions and inner organs

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Stable Isotope Ratios as Biomarkers of Diet for Health Research

Stable Isotope Ratios as Biomarkers of Diet for Health Research

Reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices using stable isotope and trace element analyses: A review

Hoof Growth Rates of the European Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) for Dating the Hoof’s Isotopic Archive

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