J

Elks, J.; Ganellin, C. R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2085-3_10

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The most frequently chosen AASs are popular drugs often used illegally in humans and animals, including boldenone (Bdn) and nandrolone (Ndn). Chemically, Bdn is a dehydrated analogue of testosterone and a good AR agonist [ 20 , 21 ]. The benefits for which Bdn is abused encompass, first and foremost, an increase in the protein synthesis and stimulation of the kidneys to release erythropoietin and intensify nitrogen retention [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among all injectable AASs, Ndn is the most commonly taken or abused by representatives of different age groups within human populations worldwide [ 23 ]. Ndn, exerting its impacts through ARs, has a weak androgenic activity and, simultaneously, plays strong anabolic and progestogenic functions [ 20 ]. There are scientific reports confirming that Ndn negatively affects the physiology and functioning of the female reproductive system [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anabolic Steroids Activate the NF-κB Pathway in Porcine Ovarian Putative Stem Cells Independently of the ZIP-9 Receptor

Wartalski,

Wiater,

Maciak

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Boldenone (Bdn) and nandrolone (Ndn) are anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) that, as our previous studies have shown, may increase the risk of neoplastic transformation of porcine ovarian putative stem cells (poPSCs). The NF-κB pathway may be important in the processes of carcinogenesis and tumour progression. Therefore, in this work, we decided to test the hypothesis of whether Bdn and Ndn can activate the NF-κB pathway by acting through the membrane androgen receptor ZIP-9. For this purpose, the expression profiles of both genes involved in the NF-κB pathway and the gene coding for the ZIP-9 receptor were checked. The expression and localization of proteins of this pathway in poPSCs were also examined. Additionally, the expression of the ZIP-9 receptor and the concentration of the NF-κB1 and 2 protein complex were determined. Activation of the NF-κB pathway was primarily confirmed by an increase in the relative abundances of phosphorylated forms of RelA protein and IκBα inhibitor. Reduced quantitative profiles pinpointed not only for genes representing this pathway but also for unphosphorylated proteins, and, simultaneously, decreased concentration of the NF-κB1 and 2 complex may indicate post-activation silencing by negative feedback. However, the remarkably and sustainably diminished expression levels noticed for the SLC39A9 gene and ZIP-9 protein suggest that this receptor does not play an important role in the regulation of the NF-κB pathway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic Steroids Activate the NF-κB Pathway in Porcine Ovarian Putative Stem Cells Independently of the ZIP-9 Receptor

Wartalski,

Wiater,

Maciak

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…The numbering scheme for atoms and steroid backbone rings is presented in accordance with established notations for derivatives and analogues within this family. ( Figure 1 a) [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Insights and Intermolecular Energy for Some Medium and Long-Chain Testosterone Esters

et al. 2023

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Testosterone (17β-Hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one) is the primary male anabolic-androgenic steroid. The crystal structures of two medium and two long esterified forms of testosterone, including enanthate, cypionate, decanoate and undecanoate, were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The samples were also characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis (DTA, TG). Crystal packings and supramolecular features were described. The analysis of structural features was accomplished by computational methods in terms of the type of intermolecular interactions, crystal energies and Hirshfeld surfaces analysis. From a pharmaceutical point of view, the solubility of compounds was investigated.

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