Jan Breman 
            Outcast Labor in Asia Circulation and Informalization of the Workforce at the Bottom of the Economy 
            New Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2010, XII-391 p.

Trémon, Anne-Christine

doi:10.1017/s0395264900010052

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Table 3 shows us that while the first phase of the agrarian crisis began around 1997, a restructuring of the gender division of labor in rural India became visible in the data only after 2004-2005. 5 Notably, it is also in the early 2000s that field studies began to report sharply rising precarious urban-rural migration across new interstate pathways (Breman 2010;Deshingkar 2021). We discuss below the implications of this conjuncture.…”

Section: Class Caste and Gender: Interconstitutive Analyses Of Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the late 1990s, two other categories of surplus extraction have increased in importance. The first is the exploitation of a growing class of precarious migrant workers who switch between agricultural and nonagricultural work and rural and urban contexts (Breman 2010;Mishra 2021). The second-if we view women's unpaid labor of social reproduction as a subsidy to capital-is an expansion of this subsidy as the share of women performing this labor has grown, particularly among women from marginalized castes (Neetha 2014;John 2021).…”

Section: Social Reproduction Crisis and Social Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agriculture's demise as a safety net propelled a desperate search for livelihoods outside of agricultural own-cultivation and wage work. In the absence of vibrant nonagricultural development in rural India, the primary resolution to this crisis for laboring households was an exodus of temporary migrants to urban areas (Mosse et al 2002;Breman 2010).…”

Section: Background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field studies, however, indicate the very specific caste-and gender-based segmentations of these streams of migration, with marginalized castes being restricted to the most precarious forms of migration and male migrants constituting a majority of urban-rural temporary migrants (see Deshingkar 2021 andMishra 2021 for reviews of this literature). These growing masses of precarious "footloose labor," traveling across India in search of work, provided urban capital with a cheap labor force that had little capacity to bargain for wages or benefits (Breman 2010;Rao and Vakulabharanam 2019;Basole 2019). Overall, the ability of Indian capital to accumulate in the aggregate was only enhanced by this first phase of agrarian distress.…”

Section: Background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Gender, Social Protection, and Crises of Social Reproduction: Contextualizing NREGA

Rao

Ramnarain

2022

Review of Radical Political Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of social protection programs such as India’s Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). And yet, acute crises such as pandemics are layered upon existing inequalities of gender and caste in India. We show that a distinctive feature of twenty-first-century Indian capitalism is a restructuring of the caste-gender division of labor in rural India, such that women’s unpaid labor of social reproduction has increased, particularly for women from marginalized castes. Thus, patterns of participation in NREGA cannot be understood without understanding the specifics of the underlying crisis of social reproduction for labor. Social protection programs that do not consider the labor of social reproduction and are unaccompanied by broader socialization of such labor then likely fall short of mitigating deep-rooted inequalities. JEL Classification: B54, J21, J88

show abstract

Section: Class Caste and Gender: Interconstitutive Analyses Of Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Social Reproduction Crisis and Social Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gender, Social Protection, and Crises of Social Reproduction: Contextualizing NREGA

Rao

Ramnarain

2022

Review of Radical Political Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, the wealth of knowledge provided by this body of work is immense. We know well that the possibilities of collective life are greatly impacted by enduring poverty and social exclusion (Breman, 2010; Brickell, 2014; Das & Randeria, 2015; Parikh et al, 2015), but we also know that organised forms of collective life, which are aimed at promoting greater social inclusion, do not necessarily produce improved livelihoods (Allen et al, 2006; Bakker, 2003; Cesafsky, 2017; Jaglin, 2015; Mahali et al, 2018). For the truth is that maximising social capacity often entails residents generating their own forms of value and endurance (Chari, 2013; Doshi & Ranganathan, 2017; Gandolfo, 2018; Harms, 2013), something which is partially done through generating new imaginaries and instruments of belonging, particularly for populations spending large amounts of time in motion (Clare et al, 2018; Escobar, 2008; Locatelli & Nugent, 2009; Roy, 2015).…”

Section: From Salient Literaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐arranging the urban: Forms, rhythms, politics

Abdullah

Cardoso

Dasgupta

et al. 2023

Trans Inst British Geog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This intervention is by a collective of scholars working on various facets of urbanisation in Asia. Focusing on the notion of arrangements/re-arrangements, it seeks to extend the consideration of urban politics as a matter of surges, a provisional consolidation of intensities, inhabitants and their practices, affiliations and orientations that give rise to continuously mutating forms of sense, care, and collective action. Whereas the work and effects of institutions, with their genealogies, remits, and competencies, are to a large extent specifiable according to their operating norms and the various regulatory frameworks that govern their operations, the dispositions of arrangements -what they do, what they actually bring about -are not readily definable or clear, enacting a form of performative ambiguity. Involving workarounds, collaborations, exchanges, and agreements that exceed the familiar protocols of interaction among households, local authorities, markets, civil institutions, brokers, and service providers, arrangements entail the enactment of caring, provisioning, regulating, mapping, and steering as the purview of more provisional, incessantly mutating forms that fold in bits and pieces of discernible institutions. In this heuristic intervention we seek to further the 'urbanisation' of urban geography itself, in the sense of complexifying both the terrain and the methodological practices brought to bear. It attempts to open a way of speaking about urbanisation processes that exceed binary formulations, countervailing scales, or structural absences to encompass a broader range of processes at work in shaping dispositions that are materialised or simply potentiated. It proceeds from a process of collective composition whose objective is to diversify the working tools of urban analysis rather than simply offering new conceptual formulations.

show abstract

Subcontracting Linkages in India's Informal Economy

Kesar

2024

Development and Change

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Subcontracting relations have often been considered a key channel to facilitate growth in traditional informal enterprises and enable them to transition into larger, modern enterprises. Such relations are expected to strengthen with economic growth. Using nationally representative survey data for the Indian informal manufacturing sector, this article examines the nature and patterns of subcontracting linkages for informal family‐based household enterprises over the high‐growth period of 2001–2016. The article estimates the net accumulation fund (NAF) for these enterprises, which measures their ability to accumulate, and studies the transition possibilities of subcontracted enterprises over time. Results show that the NAFs of subcontracted enterprises remained much lower than those of non‐subcontracted ones, with the disparity growing over the growth period. A vast majority of subcontracted household enterprises are embedded in relations that are akin to a traditional putting‐out system, with little control over their production processes. Female‐owned enterprises and those located within the household are more likely to be in such put‐out relations. Average NAF for put‐out household enterprises has been lower than for relatively autonomous subcontracted and non‐subcontracted firms, although over time the gap in NAF between put‐out and non‐put‐out firms, and thus their differential ability to transition, has narrowed. The prevailing nature of subcontracting relations in India's informal economy, even during the peak growth period, appears to be starkly different from the dynamic linkages that are celebrated in the literature as a channel for facilitating growth and transition.

show abstract

Jan Breman Outcast Labor in Asia Circulation and Informalization of the Workforce at the Bottom of the Economy New Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2010, XII-391 p.

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Gender, Social Protection, and Crises of Social Reproduction: Contextualizing NREGA

Gender, Social Protection, and Crises of Social Reproduction: Contextualizing NREGA

Re‐arranging the urban: Forms, rhythms, politics

Subcontracting Linkages in India's Informal Economy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About