Jasmonate Negatively Regulates Stomatal Development in Arabidopsis Cotyledons

Han, Xiao; Hu, Yan‐Ru; Zhang, Gensong; Jiang, Yaling; Chen, Xiaolan; Yu, Diqiu

doi:10.1104/pp.17.00444

Cited by 53 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, despite this known interaction, we could not find transcriptional evidence to support the involvement of EPF or bHLH stomatal development regulators that act upstream and downstream of this MAPK cascade in systemic SD responses, and the direct involvement of MAPK components remains to be investigated. SA and jasmonic acid frequently act antagonistically to each other in defence responses; however, the reduction in SD seen in Figure c has similarities to that seen in cotyledons when jasmonic acid is applied (Han et al, ) suggesting further differences between the pathways involved in pathogen responsive gene induction and pathogen induced SD change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Bacterial infection systemically suppresses stomatal density

Dutton

Hõrak

Hepworth

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many plant pathogens gain entry to their host via stomata. On sensing attack, plants close these pores to restrict pathogen entry. Here, we show that plants exhibit a second longer term stomatal response to pathogens. Following infection, the subsequent development of leaves is altered via a systemic signal. This reduces the density of stomata formed, thus providing fewer entry points for pathogens on new leaves. Arabidopsis thaliana leaves produced after infection by a bacterial pathogen that infects through the stomata (Pseudomonas syringae) developed larger epidermal pavement cells and stomata and consequently had up to 20% reductions in stomatal density. The bacterial peptide flg22 or the phytohormone salicylic acid induced similar systemic reductions in stomatal density suggesting that they might mediate this effect. In addition, flagellin receptors, salicylic acid accumulation, and the lipid transfer protein AZI1 were all required for this developmental response. Furthermore, manipulation of stomatal density affected the level of bacterial colonization, and plants with reduced stomatal density showed slower disease progression. We propose that following infection, development of new leaves is altered by a signalling pathway with some commonalities to systemic acquired resistance. This acts to reduce the potential for future infection by providing fewer stomatal openings.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Bacterial infection systemically suppresses stomatal density

Dutton

Hõrak

Hepworth

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although acx1 and spr2 both suppressed chlorophyll accumulation relative to wild type plants, only spr2 significantly promoted growth or influenced chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as F v /F m . Furthermore, whereas the JA-deficient spr2 mutant had reduced stomatal abundance and a compact growth habit with short internodes, JA was previously reported to suppress stomatal development in Arabidopsis (Han et al, 2018) and internode elongation in coyote tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata) (Heinrich et al, 2013). Thus, the effects of spr2 on growth and photosynthesis are more likely to be mediated through alterations in chloroplast membranes than through inhibition of JA synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photosynthesis was assessed by measuring a variety of parameters including total chlorophyll content, gas exchange, maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (F v /F m , a measure of plants' capacity for photosynthetic electron transport), and the efficiency of Rubisco, which catalyzes the first step of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. The abundance of stomata on leaf surfaces was also examined because this morphological trait influences gas exchange, and is impacted by JA signaling (Han et al, 2018). These parameters, as well as plant height and leaf number, were compared between near-isogenic wild type tomato plants and the suppressor of prosystemin-mediated response2 (spr2) mutant, which carries a point mutation that abrogates function of FAD7 by introducing a premature stop codon in SlFAD7 (Li et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of Function of Fatty Acid Desaturase 7 in Tomato Enhances Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Efficiency

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fatty Acid Desaturase 7 (FAD7) generates polyunsaturated fatty acids, promoting the desaturation of chloroplast membranes; it also provides an essential precursor for the synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA), a phytohormone that can influence plant growth, development, and primary metabolism. This study examined the effects of spr2, a null mutation in SlFAD7, on the growth, morphology, and photosynthetic traits of tomato, Solanum lycopersicum. Although the spr2 mutant had a lower density of stomata than wild type plants, the two genotypes had comparable stomatal conductance, transpiration rates, and intracellular CO 2 levels; in addition, spr2 had significantly thinner leaf blades, which may help maintain normal levels of CO 2 diffusion despite the lower number of stomata. Surprisingly, spr2 also had significantly higher carbon assimilation (A) and maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (F v /F m) than wild type plants at both of the light intensities tested here (220 or 440 µmol m −2 s −1), despite having lower levels of chlorophyll than wild type plants under low light (220 µmol m −2 s −1). Furthermore, CO 2 response curves indicated higher in vivo Rubisco activity (V cmax) in spr2 compared to wild type plants, as well as an enhanced maximum rate of electron transport used in the regeneration of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (J max). These data indicate that loss of function of FAD7 can enhance the efficiency of both light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis. Consistent with this, the spr2 mutant also displayed enhanced growth, with significantly more leaves and a more compact growth habit. In contrast to spr2, another tomato mutant impaired in JA synthesis (acx1) showed no enhancements in growth or photosynthetic efficiency, suggesting that the enhancements observed in spr2 are independent of the effects of this mutation on JA synthesis. These data demonstrate that loss of function of FAD7 can enhance photosynthesis and growth, potentially through its impacts on the chloroplast membranes.

show abstract

“…It has been known that the exogenous application of methyl jasmonate or jasmonic acid elicits stomatal closure in a large number of plant species [66] including Arabidopsis [67], Olea europaea [68], and barley [69]. It has also been known that JA negatively regulates stomatal formation in Arabidopsis cotyledons [70]. However, the question of how endogenous JA is involved in stomatal closure under abiotic stresses remains unanswered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruption of Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis Causes Differential Responses in the Roots and Shoots of Maize Seedlings against Salt Stress

Ahmad

Cheng

Sheng

et al. 2019

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Jasmonates (JAs) together with jasmonic acid and its offshoots are lipid-derived endogenous hormones that play key roles in both developmental processes and different defense responses in plants. JAs have been studied intensively in the past decades for their substantial roles in plant defense comebacks against diverse environmental stresses among model plants. However, the role of this phytohormone has been poorly investigated in the monocotyledonous species against abiotic stresses. In this study, a JA biosynthesis mutant opr7opr8 was used for the investigation of JA roles in the salt stress responses of maize seedlings, whose roots were exposed to 0 to 300 mM NaCl. Foliar stomatal observation showed that opr7opr8 had a larger stomatal aperture than wild type (WT) (B73) under salinity stress, indicating that JA positively regulates guard cell movement under salt stress. The results regarding chlorophyll content and leaf senescence showed that opr7opr8 exhibited delayed leaf senescence under salt stress as compared to WT, indicating that JA plays a role in salt-inducing cell death and subsequent leaf senescence. Moreover, the morphological parameters, including the length of the shoots and roots, and the fresh and dry weights of the shoots and roots, showed that after 7 days of salt treatment, opr7opr8 had heavier and longer shoots than WT but slighter and shorter roots than WT. In addition, ion analysis showed that opr7opr8 accumulated less sodium but more potassium in the leaves than WT but more sodium and less potassium in the roots than WT, suggesting that JA deficiency causes higher salt stress to the roots but less stress to the leaves of the seedlings. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis showed that opr7opr8 produced less H2O2 than WT in the leaves but more H2O2 in the roots under salt treatment, and correspondingly, ROS-scavenging enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) showed a similar variation, i.e., opr7opr8 has lower enzymatic activities in the shoots but higher activities in the roots than WT under salt treatment. For osmotic adjustment, opr7opr8 produced less proline in the shoots at 100 and 300 mM NaCl treatments but more in the roots than the WT roots under all salt treatments. In addition, the gene expression for abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis under salt stress was investigated. Results showed that the expression levels of four key enzymes of ABA biosynthesis, ZEP1, NCED5, AO1, and VP10, were significantly downregulated in the shoots as compared to WT under salt treatment. Putting all the data together, we concluded that JA-deficiency in maize seedlings reduced the salt-stress responses in the shoots but exaggerated the responses in the roots. In addition, endogenous JA acted as a positive regulator for the transportation of sodium ions from the roots to the shoots because the mutant opr7opr8 had a higher level of sodium in the roots but a significantly lower level in the shoots than WT. Furthermore, JA may act as a positive regulator for ABA biosynthesis in the leaves under salt stress.

show abstract

Jasmonate Negatively Regulates Stomatal Development in Arabidopsis Cotyledons

Cited by 53 publications

References 87 publications

Bacterial infection systemically suppresses stomatal density

Bacterial infection systemically suppresses stomatal density

Loss of Function of Fatty Acid Desaturase 7 in Tomato Enhances Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Efficiency

Interruption of Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis Causes Differential Responses in the Roots and Shoots of Maize Seedlings against Salt Stress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About