Jefferson fathered slave's last child

Low historical rates of cuckoldry in a Western European human population traced by Y-chromosome and genealogical data

“…Until now, historical EPP rates have been estimated using this approach only within single families (e.g. within a South African family [37] or within a North American family in the light of the President Jefferson study [38]). Studies which tried to estimate historical EPP in an entire society have only been done by linking Y-chromosome genotypes with patrilineal surnames (e.g.…”

Models of Microsatellite Evolution

“…They are commonly used in the construction of genome-wide maps, in the search for disease-causing genes, and in identification for both forensics applications and paternity tests. As an example, the controversy over whether Thomas Jefferson fathered a child with his slave Sally Hemings was rekindled by a microsatellite study [19]. In these applications, two individuals are considered closely related if a large percentage of the microsatellite markers studied have the same number of repeats.…”

Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and the Déclaration des Droits de L’Homme et du Citoyen

“…Sally Hemings was his late wife's half-sister. DNA (Y-chromosome) analysis has, however, proved that the child she bore in Paris was not Jefferson's (Foster 1998). While in Paris, Jefferson fell in love with Maria Cosway, the flirtatious Anglo-Italian wife of a gay English painter, but in his Dialogue between my Head and my Heart (1786) addressed to her, Jefferson's Head suppresses his Heart.…”