JIP test for fast fluorescence transients as a rapid and sensitive technique in assessing the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inZea mays: Analysis of chlorophyllafluorescence

Abstract

We applied chlorophyll a fluorescence as a biomarker to assess the growth enhancement of maize plants after inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungi Piriformospora indica, Glomus mosseae, or a mixed culture (P. indica, G. mosseae and G. caledonium), and compared it with uninoculated plants (controls). The quantum efficiencies for pigment system II (j Po) were not much affected. The yield for electron flow (j Eo ¼ j Po * co) was highly responsive to P. indica and mixed culture. Electron transport per trapping center (co) was remarkably influenced by the endophytes. Plants treated with P. indica and mixed culture showed relatively higher quantum yield compared to uninoculated plants. Absorption per reaction center was influenced by the endophytes. Piriformospora indica followed by mixed inoculum showed slightly lower values as compared to controls. The morphological markers, namley height of the plants and percentage colonization in the roots, reflected the biophysiological markers (chlorophyll a fluorescence); hence, the JIP test (a test applied to analyze fast fluorescence kinetics O-J-I-P) can be used as a sensitive and rapid tool for determining the efficiency of mycorrhizal fungi in host plants.

Photochemical processes, carbon assimilation and RNA accumulation of sucrose transporter genes in tomato arbuscular mycorrhiza

“…Moreover, the quenching analysis revealed an elevated fraction of 'open' PSII reaction centers in the mycorrhizal tomato plants despite of significant lower chlorophyll content in comparison to control plants (Table 2). In contrast, other authors reported unchanged maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, but CO 2 uptake was not measured (Rai et al, 2008), or much lower F V /F M ratios (Fay et al, 1996;Paradi et al, 2003) than in the present study.…”

“…PS II activity) has been hardly examined (Tsimilli-Michael et al, 2010;Paradi et al, 2003;Rai et al, 2008). We therefore performed a comprehensive analysis of many different photosynthetic parameters in parallel (Table 2, Figs.…”

Molecular–Physiological Aspects of the AM Symbiosis Post Penetration

“…Results concerning these factors were however also contradictionary. Chlorophyll contents or chlorophyll fluorescence were enhanced (Tsimilli-Michael et al 2000;Estrada-Luna et al 2000;Sheng et al 2008 or showed no differences between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants (Paradi et al 2003;Rai et al 2008). C assimilation is negatively influenced by high sugar concentrations in the leaves (von Caemmerer 2000).…”

Exogenous glycine betaine and proline play a protective role in heat-stressed barley leaves (Hordeum vulgareL.): A chlorophyllafluorescence study

“…translates shape changes of the OJIP transient to quantitative changes of a set of parameters van Heerden et al 2004;Rai et al 2008;Tsonev et al 2011). Photosynthetic activity was monitored by Chl fluorescence parameters provided by the JIP test ).…”