Job Stress and Its Management Methods among Pre-Hospital Emergency Staff in Iran: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Pre-hospital emergency staff face stressful environments. Job stress management can make employees stay in their occupations and provide appropriate services to patients as soon as possible. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining job-related stress and its management methods among pre-hospital emergency staff in Iran. Materials and Methods:In this systematic review, published English and Persian studies without time limitation were searched and reviewed electronically in Persian and English databases from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SID, Magiran, and Google scholar using related keywords. After removing duplicate and unrelated articles, the quality of the articles was evaluated by the authors based on the Strobe checklist. Finally, the narrative synthesis method was used to combine the data.Results: After screening, among the 113 studies, 12 studies reached the final synthesis stage based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the studies reported moderate levels of occupational stress. Individual, occupational, organizational, and environmental factors were effective in the occupational stress of employees. Conclusion:Pre-hospital emergency workers face stressful situations on average in Iran. Using strategies such as educational intervention programs, gratitude programs, and management measures such as reducing work shifts and improving comfort facilities can help reduce the occupational stress of employees working in pre-hospital emergency centers.

An Elucidation on the Challenges of Pre-hospital Emergency Technicians: A Study on Emergency Medical Technicians in Shiraz, Iran

“…In line with this category elucidated from the current study, a study by Seyyednozadi et al showed that non-emergency calls and missions are a leading cause of delay in missing the "golden time" in trauma emergencies and critically ill patients (38). (40)(41)(42)(43). In addition, individuals' satisfaction with pre-hospital emergency services is also related to the type of illness of individuals who need emergency services.…”

Exploring stress management strategies among emergency medical service providers in Iran: a qualitative content analysis

“…Previous studies have reported that the level of stress among EMS providers in Iran is moderate to severe [ 15 , 16 ] However, coping and adapting strategies for stress in this group of people have not been investigated. On the other hand, there have been limited qualitative studies conducted on the mechanisms of stress adaptation among EMS providers.…”

Prioritizing Pre-hospital Emergency Risks and Preparedness According to the Health Response Program in Rasht, Iran in 2019

“…Pre-hospital emergency, as the first line of care and treatment in dealing with out-of-hospital emergency patients, is of considerable significance in the healthcare system (1). Moreover, it is one of the most stressful areas of the health system (2) since pre-hospital workers face stressful environments (3). A pre-hospital emergency must provide all life-saving treatment measures outside of the hospital (4).…”